Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 2 - 178 m (Ref. 86942), usually 15 - 75 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 30°N - 35°S
Indo-Pacific: East Africa and Persian Gulf to the Society Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island. Throughout Micronesia.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5372); common length : 15.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5450)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 11 - 12; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 22 - 27; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 17 - 19.
Inhabit deep, protected lagoons and channels, and the deeper parts of outer reef slopes. Juveniles are often solitary while adults occur in pairs (Ref. 1602, 48636). A planktivorous species that generally remains within a few meters of the reef. Juveniles may sometimes pick on parasites on the epidermis of other fish (Ref. 5503). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205).
Steene, R.C., 1978. Butterfly and angelfishes of the world. A.H. & A.W. Reed Pty Ltd., Australia. vol. 1. 144 p. (Ref. 4859)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً; الأستزراع المائي: تجاري; حوض مائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.6 - 29.1, mean 27.9 °C (based on 2680 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02291 (0.01452 - 0.03614), b=3.04 (2.90 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 65 [32, 111] mg/100g; Iron = 0.654 [0.391, 1.110] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.148 [0.089, 0.254] g/100g; Selenium = 41.9 [21.5, 82.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 44.9 [11.8, 164.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.27 [0.85, 1.82] mg/100g (wet weight);
