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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Spondyliosoma: Greek, spondylos = vertebra (1667) + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas; estuarina demersal; intervalo de profundidade ? - 60 m (Ref. 4332). Subtropical; 10°S - 35°S, 17°E - 52°E
Western Indian Ocean: South Africa and southern Madagascar.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3198); common length : 25.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3507)
Descrição suscinta
Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 11; Raios dorsais (total) : 11 - 13; Espinhos anais: 3; Raios anais : 10.
Found over rocky substrates of oceanic waters. Enters estuaries where it lives among the weeds. Feeds on algae and small crustaceans (Ref. 5213).
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas
Eggs are laid in a shallow depression and guarded by the male until they hatch.
Smith, J.L.B. and M.M. Smith, 1986. Sparidae. p. 580-594. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3198)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: espécies comerciais; isca: usually
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Baixar XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18 - 27.5, mean 26 °C (based on 74 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00609 - 0.02604), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.34 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 86.7 [44.5, 168.1] mg/100g; Iron = 1.11 [0.63, 2.03] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [17.6, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.36 [0.24, 0.57] g/100g; Selenium = 22.8 [11.4, 41.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.1 [3.8, 28.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.05 [0.74, 1.48] mg/100g (wet weight);
