分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
鯛科 (Porgies)
Etymology: Spondyliosoma: Greek, spondylos = vertebra (1667) + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 ? - 60 m (Ref. 4332). 亞熱帶的; 10°S - 35°S, 17°E - 52°E
Western Indian Ocean: South Africa and southern Madagascar.
西印度洋: 南非與馬達加斯加南部。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3198); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3507)
背棘 (總數) : 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 11 - 13; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 10.
Found over rocky substrates of oceanic waters. Enters estuaries where it lives among the weeds. Feeds on algae and small crustaceans (Ref. 5213).
發現在大洋性水域的岩石底部上了。 進入河口在那裡它生活在雜草。 吃藻類與小型甲殼動物。 (參考文獻 5213)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Eggs are laid in a shallow depression and guarded by the male until they hatch.西印度洋: 南非與馬達加斯加南部。
Smith, J.L.B. and M.M. Smith, 1986. Sparidae. p. 580-594. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3198)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 December 2009
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 誘餌: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18 - 27.5, mean 26 °C (based on 74 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00609 - 0.02604), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.34 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 86.7 [44.5, 168.1] mg/100g; Iron = 1.11 [0.63, 2.03] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [17.6, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.36 [0.24, 0.57] g/100g; Selenium = 22.8 [11.4, 41.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.1 [3.8, 28.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.05 [0.74, 1.48] mg/100g (wet weight);
