Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino; acqua dolce; salmastro demersale; catadromo (Ref. 138280); distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 25 m (Ref. 121789). Tropical; 21°N - 20°S, 18°W - 16°E
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm 17.8  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 41.0 cm FL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 57400); common length : 27.0 cm SL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 7399); peso massimo pubblicato: 262.00 g (Ref. 55664)
Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 10 - 12. Diagnosis: anal fin with at least 13 (usually 14) rays in total (usually III-11 in adults)(Ref. 81659), 10-11 anal soft rays (Ref. 57400). Scales on flanks cycloid; posterior end of maxilla weakly curved or almost straight; serrate, anteroventral edge of lachrymal weakly concave (Ref. 81659). 12-15 scales in an oblique, transverse series; colour of fins greyish-white; second dorsal, pectoral fins and anal fin distinctly falcate (Ref. 57400).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Euryhaline, tolerating conditions varying from hypersaline to freshwater; favours sandy or muddy substrates (Ref. 81659). Very common in coastal lagoons and estuaries (Ref. 2683, 57400, 81659). Also caught in hypersaline environments (Ref. 57400) and freshwaters (Ref. 7399, 57400, 81659) several kilometres upstream in rivers (Ref. 81659). Adults feed on plankton and detritus (Ref. 28587). Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Spawning may occur in lagoons or in the sea (Ref. 81659). Possibly reaches up to 500mm FL (Ref. 57400, 81659).
Ciclo vitale e comportamento di accoppiamento
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecondità | Larve
Thomson, J.M., 1990. Mugilidae. p. 855-859. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7399)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Pesca: commerciale
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
Scarica XML
Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Temperatura preferita (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 23.5 - 27.9, mean 26.5 °C (based on 62 cells).
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00960 - 0.01252), b=2.95 (2.92 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 2.9 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (K=0.4;).
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
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Nutrienti (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 185 [87, 385] mg/100g; Iron = 1.28 [0.62, 2.58] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.8, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.335 [0.171, 0.717] g/100g; Selenium = 48.6 [25.0, 100.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.5 [5.1, 48.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.56 [1.10, 2.25] mg/100g (wet weight);