Elasmobranquios (tiburones y rayas) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Myliobatidae (Eagle and manta rays)
Etymology: Myliobatis: Greek, mylo = mill + Greek, + Greek, batis,-idos = a ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Garman.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecología
marino bentopelágico; rango de profundidad 1 - 100 m. Subtropical; 4°S - 40°S, 85°W - 70°W
Southeast Pacific: Peru (Ref. 33021) and Chile.
Tamaño / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 125 cm WD macho / no sexado; (Ref. 122662)
Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Depth range assumed based on other members of the group (RF).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproducción | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
Pequeño, G., 1989. Peces de Chile. Lista sistematica revisada y comentada. Rev. Biol. Mar., Valparaiso 24(2):1-132. (Ref. 9068)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Herramientas
Special reports
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.5 - 20.5, mean 17.4 °C (based on 20 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00123 - 0.01235), b=3.08 (2.82 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliencia (Ref.
120179): Bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 4.5-14 años (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).
