分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes)
鯰形目 (Catfishes) >
Callichthyidae (Callichthyid armored catfishes)
美鯰科 (Callichthyid armored catfishes) > Callichthyinae
Etymology: Hoplosternum: Greek, hoplon = weapon + Greek, sternon = chest (Ref. 45335).
Issue
See Reis (1997) for phylogeny and Reis (1998) for detailed description.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 1 - ? m (Ref. 11225). 亞熱帶的; 18°C - 26°C (Ref. 2060); 11°N - 37°S
South America: Most Cis-Andean South American river drainages north of Buenos Aires, Argentina (Ref. 37395). Introduced in the USA (Ref. 104645).
南美洲: 阿根廷布宜諾斯艾利斯大多數 Cis-安第斯山脈南美洲河流域北方。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 16.7 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 26.3 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 104645); 最大年齡: 4 年 (Ref. 51639)
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Inhabits swamps (Ref. 11225). During the rainy season, adults consume a great quantity of chironomids associated with detritus. During the dry season, they feed mostly on terrestrial insects, micro-crustaceans, aquatic Diptera, and detritus. Absorbs a great quantity of anaerobic bacteria from the substrate (Ref. 27188). First reproduction occurs after one year (Ref. 35381). Used to be cultured commercially in Guyana (Ref. 7306). Cultured in Trinidad on a semi-commercial scale (Ref. 11225).
棲息於沼澤。 (參考文獻 11225) 在雨季的時候，成魚消費被伴隨著碎屑的寶刀魚的大量。 在乾季的時候，他們大部分吃陸棲的昆蟲，細小的甲殼動物，水生的雙翅類，與碎屑。 吸收沒有空氣而能生活細菌從底部的大量。 (參考文獻 27188) 第一個繁殖在一年之後出現。 (參考文獻 35381) 在蓋亞那用於商業性地養殖了。 (參考文獻 7306) 養殖在一個半-商業的鱗片上的千里達中了。 (參考文獻 11225)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Reproduction begins with the rainy season (December-January). The male, at times helped by the female, builds a nest made of a cluster of mucus bubbles and vegetal matter. Responding to a nuptial parade, the female lays down her eggs (5,000 to 20,000, measuring1.8 mm in diameter) which are fertilized by sprinkling sperm previously collected in her mouth. The male guards the eggs during incubation and becomes very aggressive (Ref. 35381).南美洲: 阿根廷布宜諾斯艾利斯大多數 Cis-安第斯山脈南美洲河流域北方。
Reis, R.E., 1997. Revision of the neotropical catfish genus Hoplosternum (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes: Callichthyidae), with the description of two new genera and three new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 7(3-4):299-326. (Ref. 26144)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 October 2020
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02089 (0.01545 - 0.02826), b=2.98 (2.89 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.7 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=4; K=0.6-1.3; Fec = 5,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).
