分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Characiformes (Characins)
脂鯉目 (Characins) >
Erythrinidae (Trahiras)
虎脂鯉科 (Trahiras)
Etymology: Hoplerythrinus: Greek, hoplon = weapon + Greek, erythros = red (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Spix & Agassiz.
Issue
No recent work; see Eigenmann & Eigenmann (1889:105) for description and key of identification; Géry (1977: 103) for description in key.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 大洋性; pH range: 5.6 - 7.8; dH range: ? - 30. 亞熱帶的; 23°C - 27°C (Ref. 1672)
Central and South America: São Francisco, Amazon, Paraná, Orinoco and Magdalena River basins, and coastal rivers in Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana.
中美洲與南美洲: Sao 在蓋亞那，蘇利南與法屬圭亞那的弗朗西斯科， Amazonas ， Parana ，奧里諾科河與 Magdalena 河流域 , 與沿海的河川。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 16.5 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 28.5 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 121647); 最大體重: 520.00 g (Ref. 121647)
Opercular ocellus present.
鰓蓋眼狀斑呈現。
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Inhabits swamps and creeks with little current (Ref. 12225), as well as in flooded savannas (Ref. 27188). Regularly goes to the surface of the water to breathe. Can survive long periods out of the water. This behavior of breathing air at the surface makes the fish vulnerable to predation by electric eels (Ref. 27188). Is a predaceous omnivore of open waters. Feeds on aquatic invertebrates and to lesser degree, on fish. Specimens measuring 16 cm were found to be mature (Ref. 12225).
棲息於少的水流 (參考文獻 12225) 的沼澤與小溪, 以及在被水淹沒的大草原中.(參考文獻 27188) 經常地去水的表面呼吸。 離開水面能存活長的時期。 呼吸空氣在水表面的這一行為使魚易受傷害被電鰻捕食。 (參考文獻 27188) 開放水域的是一個食肉雜食動物。 吃水生無脊椎動物與達到更少的程度, 在魚上。 測量 16 公分的標本被發現是成熟的。 (參考文獻 12225)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
中美洲與南美洲: Sao 在蓋亞那，蘇利南與法屬圭亞那的弗朗西斯科， Amazonas ， Parana ，奧里諾科河與 Magdalena 河流域 , 與沿海的河川。
Oyakawa, O.T., 2003. Erythrinidae (Trahiras). p. 238-240. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 37025)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 November 2018
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
工具
特別的報告
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00640 - 0.01636), b=3.14 (3.00 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.49 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
