Ikan bertulang rawan (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Urotrygonidae (American round stingrays)
Etymology: Urotrygon: Greek, oura = tail + Greek, trygon = a sting ray (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Schultz.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal). Tropical
Western Central Atlantic: Gulf of Venezuela.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 17.6 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 29.5 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 127655); 36.2 cm TL (female)
Prickly back with a median row of slightly larger spines from the nuchal region rearward along disc and anterior part of tail. Wide disc and tail long. Plain greyish above, without markings, cream colored below (Ref. 6902).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Compagno, L.J.V., 1999. Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 28.4, mean 27 °C (based on 54 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00575 - 0.03468), b=3.07 (2.86 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
