Classification / Names
Κοινά ονόματα | Συνώνυμα | Catalog of Fishes(Γένος, Είδη) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) βενθικό(ς); εύρος βάθους 27 - 364 m (Ref. 5951), usually 36 - 91 m (Ref. 5951). Temperate; 54°N - 37°N
Northwest Atlantic: southern Labrador, Canada to Chesapeake Bay, USA.
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm 29.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 64.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 7251); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 1.5 kg (Ref. 9988); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 12 έτη (Ref. 6286)
Adults inhabit sandy to muddy bottoms (Ref. 7251). Prefer depths of 37 to 82 m at temperatures of 3-5°C (Ref. 6263). Feed mainly on polychaete worms and amphipods, shrimps, isopods and other crustaceans and occasionally small fish such as sand lance and capelin (Ref. 12232). Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Marketed fresh or frozen; eaten steamed, fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); Υδατοκαλλιέργειες: πειραματικό
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.4 - 9.7, mean 2.6 °C (based on 134 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00608 - 0.00787), b=3.07 (3.03 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (rm=0.69; K=0.3; tm=2-6; tmax=12).
Prior r = 0.76, 95% CL = 0.50 - 1.14, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 13.9 [6.1, 57.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.279 [0.138, 0.547] mg/100g; Protein = 16 [14, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.344 [0.167, 0.704] g/100g; Selenium = 13.5 [4.7, 50.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.36 [1.02, 28.90] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.261 [0.139, 0.635] mg/100g (wet weight);
