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Fenestraja plutonia (Garman, 1881)

Pluto skate
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Fenestraja plutonia   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Fenestraja plutonia (Pluto skate)
Fenestraja plutonia
Picture by Flescher, D.

Classification / Names Nomi Comuni | Sinonimi | Catalog of Fishes(Genere, Specie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchi (squali e razze) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Gurgesiellidae (Pygmy skates)
Etymology: Fenestraja: Latin, fenestra, -ae = small hole or opening in a bone + Latin, raja, -ae = a fish, Raja sp. (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Garman.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marino batidemersale; distribuzione batimetrica 290 - 750 m (Ref. 28767). Deep-water

Distribuzione Stati | Aree FAO | Ecosystems | Presenze | Point map | Introduzioni | Faunafri

Western Central Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to the Gulf of Mexico.

Size / Peso / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.3 cm TL (female)

Short description Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria

First and dorsal confluent. Thorns on anterior part of tail and disc are larger and more conspicuous. Upper surface from pale yellowish brown to darker greyish brown, purplish brown or mouse gray. Lower surface yellowish white (Ref. 6902).

Biologia     Glossario (es. epibenthic)

Deep water species (Ref. 6902). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Riproduzione | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larve

Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).

Main reference Upload your references | Bibliografia | Coordinatore | Collaboratori

McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 June 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Informazioni ulteriori

Trophic ecology
Prede
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predatori
Ecology
Ecologia
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
Riproduzione
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larve
Dinamica popolazioni larvali
Distribution
Stati
Aree FAO
Ecosystems
Presenze
Introduzioni
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill areas
Cervelli
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Suoni dei Pesci
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Genetica
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Profili di acquacoltura
Varietà
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Collaboratori
Taxonomy
Nomi Comuni
Sinonimi
Morfologia
Morfometria
Immagini
References
Bibliografia

Strumenti

Special reports

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Fonti Internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genere, Specie | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, ricerca | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 8.5 - 15.9, mean 11.5 °C (based on 77 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5039   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00661 (0.00225 - 0.01943), b=2.95 (2.71 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.7   ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilienza (Ref. 120179):  Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (15 of 100).