分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
鯛科 (Porgies)
Etymology: Spicara: Latin, spicare = furnished with spike (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Issue
Placement in Sparidae from Centracanthidae from Santini et al. (2014:Ref. 95347). Suggestion already made in Garrido-Ramos et al. 1995; Hanel & Sturmbauer 2000; Summerer et al. 2001; Orrell et al. 2002; Orrell & Carpenter 2004; Chiba et al. 2009; Hanel & Tsigenopoulos 2011.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 深度上下限 100 - 250 m (Ref. 104863), usually 100 - 250 m (Ref. 27000). 熱帶; 18°N - 18°S, 26°W - 14°E
Eastern Atlantic: Cape Verde and off Senegal. Possibly occurs as far south as Angola, but records south of Senegal need to be verified.
東大西洋: 馬得拉群島，維德角與塞內加爾外海。 可能地出現向南遠至安哥拉, 但是塞內加爾記錄南方需要被查證。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 32.8 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 111105); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5476)
Neritic over the continental shelf. (Ref. 3594).
淺海的遍及大陸棚。 (參考文獻 3594).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
東大西洋: 馬得拉群島，維德角與塞內加爾外海。 可能地出現向南遠至安哥拉, 但是塞內加爾記錄南方需要被查證。
Heemstra, P.C., 1990. Centracanthidae. p. 768-772. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7349)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 12.4 - 15.8, mean 14.3 °C (based on 19 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.00803 - 0.02372), b=3.02 (2.87 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 141 [68, 254] mg/100g; Iron = 0.556 [0.180, 2.990] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.0, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 0.444 [0.200, 1.019] g/100g; Selenium = 47.2 [22.9, 95.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.9 [8.5, 79.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.614 [0.222, 2.286] mg/100g (wet weight);
