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Teleostei >
Cypriniformes (Carps)
鯉形目 (Carps) >
Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps)
鯉科 (Minnows or carps) > Labeoninae
Etymology: Cirrhinus: Latin, cirrus = curl fringe (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性; 河川洄游 (Ref. 33488); 深度上下限 5 - 20 m (Ref. 6898). 熱帶; 22°C - 26°C (Ref. 2059); 24°N - 12°N, 98°E - 108°E
Asia: Mekong, Chao Phraya, Nam Theun, Xe Bangfai and the Nanpangjiang basins; also from the Red River (China and Viet Nam).
亞洲: 湄公河，湄南河，南能河, Xe Bangfai 與南盤江流域; 也從紅河 (中國與越南).
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 55.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 37769); common length : 15.2 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 35840); 最大體重: 1.5 kg (Ref. 128592)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 11 - 15; 脊椎骨: 34 - 38. Has 37-43 scales on the lateral line (including those on base of caudal-fin); 7-8+1/2 scale rows between lateral line and dorsal-fin origin (Ref. 27732). Differs from all other species of the genus in having more or less discrete marks on each scale on the upper, middle, and sometimes lower parts of the body. Such marks, visible in most freshly caught and recently preserved specimens, are sometimes intensely developed, giving the fish a markedly reticulated appearance. C. molitorella often has a very intense humeral mark which is vivid bluish-green in life. In other Cirrhinus the humeral marks are black or bluish black (Ref. 33488). Usually a conspicuous black bar shortly behind pectoral base (Ref. 43281). Gill rakers on the lower arm of first arch 65-85 (Ref. 12693).
在側線上有 37-43個鱗片;(在尾鰭基底上包括那些) 在側線與背鰭起點之間的 7-8+1/2 鱗片列.(參考文獻 27732) 有別於所有的其他種的本屬在上面者，中央上的每個鱗片上有約略不連續的標誌, 與有時身體下半部。 如此的標誌, 看得見的在最新捕捉與最近保存的標本,密集有時被發展,給魚顯著網狀的外表。 C. molitorella 時常有一個非常密集肱骨的標誌是生動的藍綠色的活著時。 在其他的 Cirrhinus 中，肱骨的標誌是黑色或藍黑色的。 (參考文獻 33488) 通常一條顯著的黑色橫帶緊跟在胸鰭基底之後。 (參考文獻 43281) 在第一鰓弓 65-85 的下面手臂上的鰓耙.(參考文獻 12693)
Known from midwater to bottom depths of large and medium-sized rivers. Move into flooded forests during the rainy season and grazes on algae, phytoplankton and detritus (Ref. 12693). Occur in rapids and slow deep reaches (Ref. 37769). Reported to be omnivorous (Ref. 33813). Wild stocks are strongly migratory while the cultivated stocks probably have lost the migratory behavior (Ref. 33488). Prefer flowing water and not known to proliferate in impoundments. Large fish are marketed fresh, smaller ones are used to make prahoc (Ref. 12693). Attain at least 40 cm SL (Ref. 33488).
已知來自大而中等大小河的中層到深底部水域了。 在雨季的時候移入被水淹沒的森林而且啃食藻類，浮游植物與碎屑。 (參考文獻 12693) 出現於急流與慢的深範圍。 (參考文獻 37769) 報告是雜食性的。 (參考文獻 33813) 野生的分枝是強烈的迴游性，然而培養的分枝已經可能失去迴游的行為。 (參考文獻 33488) 發現於流動的水而不是知道在圈圍水域增殖。 大的魚是生鮮銷售又比較小的一些被用來製造 prahoc 。 (參考文獻 12693) 達到至少 40 公分 SL 。 (參考文獻 33488)
Assuming standard cyprinid mode of reproduction. Replace ASAP.亞洲: 湄公河，湄南河，南能河, Xe Bangfai 與南盤江流域; 也從紅河 (中國與越南).
Roberts, T.R., 1997. Systematic revision of the tropical Asian labeon cyprinid fish genus Cirrhinus, with descriptions of new species and biological observations on C. lobatus. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 45:171-203. (Ref. 33488)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00802 - 0.01137), b=3.05 (3.00 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 9.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=3; K=0.12; Fec=100,000-204,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 199 [104, 403] mg/100g; Iron = 1.44 [0.71, 2.74] mg/100g; Protein = 17 [16, 18] %; Omega3 = 0.387 [0.153, 1.082] g/100g; Selenium = 192 [71, 449] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.7 [10.8, 69.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.99 [0.51, 1.77] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
