分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes)
鰈形目 (Flatfishes) >
Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes)
舌鰨科 (Tonguefishes) > Symphurinae
Etymology: Symphurus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Goode & Bean.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 37 - 750 m (Ref. 26268), usually 320 - 550 m (Ref. 26268). 深水域; 40°N - 22°S, 88°W - 30°W (Ref. 26268)
Western Atlantic: off New Jersey southward along eastern United States, Gulf of Mexico, off the Bahamas, the Greater Antilles at Puerto Rico, throughout southern Caribbean Sea from Honduras to Venezuela, and from Trinidad and Tobago to southeastern Brazil.
西大西洋: 外海的紐澤西州南方沿著美國東部，墨西哥灣，外海的巴哈馬, 在波多黎各的大安地列斯群島, 在加勒比海南部海洋各處從宏都拉斯到委內瑞拉, 與從千里達託貝哥共和國到巴西東南方。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.6 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26268)
Often found in deepwater soft mud substrates on outer continental shelf and upper continental slope (Ref. 26268).
在大陸棚外緣與大陸坡上層上時常發現於深水的軟泥底部。 (參考文獻 26268)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
西大西洋: 外海的紐澤西州南方沿著美國東部，墨西哥灣，外海的巴哈馬, 在波多黎各的大安地列斯群島, 在加勒比海南部海洋各處從宏都拉斯到委內瑞拉, 與從千里達託貝哥共和國到巴西東南方。
Munroe, T.A., 1998. Systematics and ecology of tonguefishes of the genus Symphurus (Cynoglossidae: Pleuronectiformes) from the western Atlantic Ocean. Fish. Bull. 96(1):1-182. (Ref. 26268)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.4 - 17, mean 12 °C (based on 96 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assuming tmax>3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
