Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; سمكة نهرية (Ref. 51243); نطاق العمق 15 - ? m (Ref. 12192). Subtropical; 15°C - 30°C (Ref. 40948); 29°N - 20°N
Asia: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 36.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 85009); common length : 17.5 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 41236); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 9.0 kg (Ref. 4832); العمر: 10 سنين (Ref. 58486)
Inhabit rivers and lakes, also in rapid streams with rocky bottom (Ref. 41236). Grow better in a river with a rocky bottom. Travel toward headwaters at the start of the rainy season and downstream at the end of the rainy season. Omnivorous, feed on filamentous algae, chironomid larvae, water beetles and crustaceans. Spawn from March to September, over stones and gravel (Ref. 40948). Reported to reach 150 cm TL (Ref. 12192), and gain a maximum weight of 68 kg by Thomas, 1897 (Ref. 4832). Considered a long-living species (Ref. 58486).
Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. i-liv + 1-541, 1 map (Ref. 4832)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; الأستزراع المائي: تجاري; لعبة سمكه: نعم
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00430 - 0.02123), b=3.02 (2.84 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 2.6 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (K=0.14; tmax=10; Fec=6,400 (batch fecundity)).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
