Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecología
marino; agua dulce; salobre demersal; anadromo (Ref. 51243); rango de profundidad 0 - 50 m (Ref. 50550). Temperate; 10°C - 20°C (Ref. 2059); 55°N - 43°N
Distribución
Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri
Asia: Amur basin, ascending far up to the Argun, Shilka, and Onon. In the Amur Liman to the Amur estuary in the Sea of Okhotsk. Adults inhabit some lakes, like Orel Lake above Nikolaevsk. Also in the Ussuri and Sungari, China.
Four populations are recognized in the Amur River basin: one lives in the estuary and coastal brackish waters of the Sea of Okhotsk and Sea of Japan, second is found in the lower Amur, third in the middle Amur, and fourth in the lower reaches of the Zeya and Bureya rivers in the Russian river banks (Ref. 40142). Two ecological morphs are present in the estuary population, the 'freshwater' and the 'brackish' water forms (Ref. 40142).
Length at first maturity / Tamaño / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm 180.0, range 170 - 190 cm
Max length : 560 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 40142); peso máximo publicado: 1.0 t (Ref. 40142); edad máxima reportada: 80 años (Ref. 56448)
Short description
Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría
Espinas dorsales (total) : 0; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 43 - 57; Espinas anales: 0; Radios blandos anales: 26 - 35. Gill membranes free from isthmus and broadly connected with each other. Barbels flat, attached on ventral side of snout. Body shields in 5 rows; dorsal shields 10 to 16, lateral 32 to 46 and ventral 8 to 12.
Adults inhabit rivers and lakes. Adults do not spawn every year but at least every other year. With increasing age, the spawning interval increases to three, four and more years (Ref. 593). Feed on invertebrates in the first year then switch to juveniles of pelagic fishes, e.g., Oncorhynchus keta, at age 3 to 4 yrs., kaluga feed on adult fishes (Ref. 40142).
Males spawn once in three to four years while females do every four to five years (Ref. 40142). Water temperature affects the onset of maturity of females. Females spawn a year earlier during warm years than they would during cold years (Ref. 40142).
Berg, L.S., 1962. Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1948). (Ref. 593)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesquerías: comercial
Herramientas
Special reports
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00204 (0.00119 - 0.00351), b=3.18 (3.03 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 36.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resiliencia (Ref.
120179): Muy bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo superior a 14 años (tm=14-23; tmax=55; Fec=600,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (86 of 100).
