Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री; खारा प्रवाल-भित्ति संयुक्त; गहराई सीमा 1 - ? m (Ref. 48637), usually 1 - 20 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 23°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115); 35°N - 25°S, 77°E - 154°E
Indo-West Pacific: southern India, Sri Lanka, Andaman Islands, Thailand, southern and eastern coasts of China, Taiwan, Ryukyu, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and Northern Territory in Australia.
आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 9710); common length : 20.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 9813)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 13; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 10; गुदा कांटा: 7; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 9; जानवरों की रीड़ का जोड़: 13. A brown band running diagonally from nape to chin; another from 4th-5th dorsal spine base to pectoral fin base; ocular and shoulder bands spotted with blue; a zone of silvery yellow posterior and adjacent to the shoulder band. Preopercular angle 100°-111°; cheek scalation variable from few to almost fully scaled; midline of thorax fully scaled, sometimes with a row missing from pelvic ridges. A prominent rim or short tube encircle the anterior nostril, with a little peak on it posteriorly. Spines stout, fairly pungent and venomous.
Inhabits shallow coastal waters, around hard coral reefs and areas of sand with patches of rock and soft coral. Tolerant of murky waters. Larger juveniles and adults occur in pairs in coastal reef flats, slopes and estuaries . Small juveniles are found in mangroves and enter freshwater, moving to reefs usually in small groups among corals (Ref. 48637). Feed on benthic seaweeds (Ref. 9813).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा
Woodland, D.J., 1990. Revision of the fish family Siganidae with descriptions of two new species and comments on distribution and biology. Indo-Pac. Fish. (19):136 p. (Ref. 1419)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य; जलजीवालय: व्यापारिक
साधन
Special reports
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 29.1, mean 28.3 °C (based on 1192 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01905 (0.01036 - 0.03504), b=3.13 (2.97 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.7 ±0.31 se; based on food items.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): ऊंचा, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 15 महीने। (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 38.5 [18.8, 90.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.671 [0.313, 1.534] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.121 [0.063, 0.240] g/100g; Selenium = 20.3 [7.8, 50.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 33 [9, 121] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.42 [0.56, 3.07] mg/100g (wet weight);
