Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas bentopelágico; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 20 - 140 m (Ref. 75716), usually 40 - ? m (Ref. 2113). Temperate; 39°N - 22°N, 114°E - 136°E
Northwest Pacific: from Hong Kong to north Korea Yellow Sea, then east to Kii Peninsula, Japan.
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm ?, range 14 - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 75716); common length : 20.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 2113)
Descrição suscinta
Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 11; Raios dorsais (total) : 25 - 28; Espinhos anais: 2; Raios anais : 7 - 8; Vértebras: 25. Posterior end of pectoral fin reaching or extending past the posterior end of spinous dorsal fin. Tip of lower jaw and inside of lower jaw teeth without or indistinct dark markings. Length of second anal spine almost equal to eye diameter (Ref. 41299).
Inhabit coastal waters in sandy, muddy bottoms (Ref. 75716). Feed on small fishes and invertebrates (Ref. 2113). Marketed fresh and dried.
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas
Trewavas, E., 1977. The sciaenid fishes (croakers or drums) of the Indo-west Pacific. Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. 33:253-541. (Ref. 5369)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: espécies comerciais
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
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Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.7 - 23.4, mean 20.9 °C (based on 31 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00775 - 0.00935), b=3.08 (3.05 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Elevada, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população menor que 15 meses (K=0.76; tm=1).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 30.1 [16.4, 60.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.286 [0.137, 0.527] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.5, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.641 [0.310, 1.200] g/100g; Selenium = 14.9 [7.1, 30.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 21.9 [5.4, 90.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.518 [0.357, 0.780] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.