分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 110 m (Ref. 26938), usually 10 - 50 m (Ref. 5217). 熱帶; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 130653); 41°N - 33°S
Western Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to New York (USA), Bermuda, and northern Gulf of Mexico to southern Brazil.
西大西洋: 對紐約 (美國) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到巴西南部的加拿大 (參考文獻 5951)。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26340); common length : 12.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 76 - 91; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 58 - 69. Light tan to light gray with irregular pale rings or rosettes, some of which are dark-edged; scattered small dark spots and three large blackish spots along straight portion of lateral line, the middle one the best defined (Ref. 13442).
淡的黃褐色的到淡灰色的有不規則的灰白環或者毛簇, 一些那是黑色邊的; 分散的小深色的斑點與三個大的黑色斑點沿著側線的直部分，一個中央的那最好地定義.(參考文獻 13442)
Inhabits sandy areas with coral rubble or seagrasses, usually near patch reefs (Ref. 9710). Shallow coastal waters to depths of 110 m (Ref. 26938). Lies motionless on the bottom, moving only when frightened (Ref. 9710). Larvae are attracted to lights at night but are difficult to see because they are transparent (Ref. 26938). About one-third of the diet consists of fishes; the rest of its food is crustaceans: crabs, shrimps, amphipods, and mantis shrimps (Ref. 13442).
棲息於沙地有珊瑚殘礫的地方或海草, 通常在礁坪的附近.(參考文獻 9710) 沿岸淺水區到深度 110 公尺.(參考文獻 26938) 躺臥不動的在底部上, 移動只有當驚嚇的時候.(參考文獻 9710) 仔魚被夜晚的燈光吸引但是難以見因為他們是透明的.(參考文獻 26938) 大約三分之一食性由魚組成; 其它的它的食物是甲殼動物: 螃蟹，蝦，片腳類動物與螳螂蝦.(參考文獻 13442)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
西大西洋: 對紐約 (美國) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到巴西南部的加拿大 (參考文獻 5951)。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.8 - 28.9, mean 27.3 °C (based on 1916 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00489 - 0.01700), b=3.06 (2.90 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 69.1 [27.1, 143.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.55 [0.25, 0.99] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.6, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.0959 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 31.4 [15.8, 67.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 93 [24, 391] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.11 [0.73, 1.64] mg/100g (wet weight);
