分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Atractoscion: Greek, atraktos, arrow + Greek, skion, skiaina = barbel, red mullet (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 底中水层性; 深度上下限 15 - 200 m (Ref. 3593), usually 100 - 200 m (Ref. 3593). 熱帶; 14°N - 28°S
Western Indian Ocean: off Mozambique and South Africa.
東大西洋: 安哥拉到南非; 單一記錄已知來自茅利塔尼亞了。 (參考文獻 3593) 西印度洋: 莫三比克外海與南非。 東印度洋: 澳洲。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 65 - ? cm
Max length : 130 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4373); common length : 90.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9772); 最大体重: 25.0 kg (Ref. 4373)
背棘 (总数) : 10 - 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 25 - 32; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 9 - 10. Body silvery (Ref. 4373).
身体银色的.(参考文献 4373)
Found in coastal waters, over sand muddy bottom. Juveniles enter estuaries. Adults feed on pelagic fishes at night. Often caught with Umbrina canariensis. Feeds on pelagic fish such as mackerel and horse mackerel (Ref. 36731). Marketed fresh, flesh highly esteemed (Ref. 9772).
发现于沿岸水域了, 沙的之上与沙泥底部。 稚鱼进入河口。 成鱼吃大洋性的鱼在晚上。 时常用 斜纹短须石首鱼［Umbrina canariensis］ 捕获了。 在市场上销售生鲜地了, 肉深受喜爱的。 (参考文献 9772) 吃大洋性的鱼例如鲭与马鲭。 (参考文献 36731)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
東大西洋: 安哥拉到南非; 單一記錄已知來自茅利塔尼亞了。 (參考文獻 3593) 西印度洋: 莫三比克外海與南非。 東印度洋: 澳洲。
Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)
临近濒危 (NT) (A2b); Date assessed: 25 September 2018
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14 - 26.5, mean 18.7 °C (based on 131 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00413 - 0.01752), b=3.08 (2.91 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 4.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.27; tm=5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 44.8 [25.6, 94.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.725 [0.352, 1.348] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.4, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.217 [0.106, 0.379] g/100g; Selenium = 90.5 [45.3, 199.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.7 [8.7, 87.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.651 [0.448, 0.988] mg/100g (wet weight);
