Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي نزديك كف زي; تغييرات عمق ? - 365 m (Ref. 36715), usually 75 - 150 m (Ref. 36715). Subtropical; 38°N - 29°N, 124°W - 115°W
Eastern Pacific: San Francisco in California, USA to northern Baja California, Mexico; rare north of Santa Barbara, California.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 28.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 56.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 2850); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 950.00 g (Ref. 40637); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 37 سال ها (Ref. 39277)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 13; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 13 - 16; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 7 - 8; مهره ها: 27. Branchiostegal rays: 7 (Ref. 36715).
Adults are found commonly on deep rocky areas in southern California, USA from 30-366 m. Viviparous, with planktonic larvae (Ref. 36715).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.5 - 11.3, mean 8.5 °C (based on 16 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00499 - 0.02004), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 20.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): پايين ، كم, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 5/4 – 14 سال (tm=7; tmax=37).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).