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Trachurus symmetricus (Ayres, 1855)

Pacific jack mackerel
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Trachurus symmetricus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Trachurus symmetricus (Pacific jack mackerel)
Trachurus symmetricus
Picture by IGFA

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Carangiformes (Jacks) > Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335);  symmetricus: From symmetricus which means regularly formed - referring to the rough tail (Ref. 6885).
More on author: Ayres.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 400 m. Subtropical; 65°N - 13°N

Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: southeastern Alaska to southern Baja California, Mexico and the Gulf of California; reported from Acapulco in Mexico and the Galapagos Islands.

Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - 31 cm
Max length : 81.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 2850); common length : 55.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9283); idade máx. registrada: 30 anos (Ref. 766)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 8 - 9; Raios dorsais (total) : 28 - 38; Espinhos anais: 1 - 2; Raios anais : 22 - 33; Vértebras: 23 - 25. Small specimens may have an additional forward-directed spine at first dorsal origin (embedded in larger specimens).

Biologia     Glossário (p.ex. epibenthic)

Adults are often found offshore, up to 500 miles from the coast (Ref. 9283). They form large schools (Ref. 2850). Young frequently occur in school near kelp and under piers (Ref. 2850). They feed mainly on small crustaceans and fish larvae (Ref. 9283). Large individuals often move inshore and north in the summer (Ref. 2850). Marketed fresh, smoked, canned and frozen; eaten fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador : Smith-Vaniz, William F. | Colaboradores

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

  Segura ou pouco preocupante (LC) ; Date assessed: 30 April 2008

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

  Harmless





Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: espécies comerciais; peixe esportivo: sim
FAO - pescarias: desembarques; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Trophic ecology
Itens alimentares
Diet compositions
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Food rations
Predadores
Ecology
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Toxicities (LC50s)
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Stamps, coins, misc.
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References
Referências

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Fontes da internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Checar Observador de Peixes (FishWatcher) | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Gênero, Espécies | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pescarias: desembarques; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genoma, nucleotídeo | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | OceanAdapt | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Árvore da vida | Wikipedia: Ir para, procura | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Registro zoológico

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 7 - 16.2, mean 9.2 °C (based on 50 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5001   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00587 - 0.01627), b=2.96 (2.82 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  3.6   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (K=0.09-0.21;tm=2-3; tmax=30; Fec<50,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 256 [162, 427] mg/100g; Iron = 4.83 [2.91, 8.14] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [19.0, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.337 [0.227, 0.527] g/100g; Selenium = 34.8 [19.9, 61.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.65 [1.75, 28.82] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.51 [1.11, 2.16] mg/100g (wet weight);