Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة. Temperate; 41°N - 36°N
North America: Sacramento-San Joaquin, Pajaro and Salinas River drainages in California, USA. Widely introduced elsewhere in western USA.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 73.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5723); common length : 30.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 12193); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 1.4 kg (Ref. 40637); العمر: 9 سنين (Ref. 72491)
Adults occur in vegetated sloughs, pools of sluggish rivers and lakes; now most common in ponds and impoundments (Ref. 5723).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Male guarding lasts from 0-3 days (Ref. 93240).
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
في خطر (EN) (B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)); Date assessed: 20 October 2011
استخدامات بشرية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00746 - 0.02125), b=3.06 (2.91 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (tmax=6).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100).
