分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods)
鱈形目 (Cods) >
Macrouridae (Grenadiers or rattails)
鼠尾鱈科 (Grenadiers or rattails)
Etymology: Coryphaenoides: Greek, koryphaina = dolphin fish + Suffix oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海區的; 深度上下限 180 - 2600 m (Ref. 58426), usually 400 - 1200 m (Ref. 1371). 深水域; 73°N - 20°N, 77°W - 32°E
North Atlantic: from about 37°N to Baffin Island and Greenland in the western Atlantic, and off Iceland and Norway to 73°N to Barents Sea, south to North Africa in the eastern Atlantic. Reported to occur from the tongue of the Ocean east of Andros Islands (about 24°N, 77°W) in the Bahamas.
北大西洋: 在大西洋西部 , 與外海的冰島與挪威的從大約 37個 ° N 到 Baffin 島與格陵蘭在東大西洋中南至北非。 報告出現海洋在巴哈馬的 Andros 島 (大約 24 ° N,77 ° W) 以東的從舌。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 52.7, range 60 - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 35388); 最大體重: 1.7 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年齡: 54 年 (Ref. 41452)
背棘 (總數) : 2; 臀棘: 0. Head broad, rather soft; snout broad, rounded, with a large blunt tubercular scute at its tip; chin with small barbel. Scales relatively adherent; spinules dense on body scales, long, thin and recurved, narrowly lanceolate, with longitudinal anterior concavity. Pyloric caeca 29 to 31, long and slender. Color medium brown to grayish; orbits, oral and branchial cavities, and fins blackish to brownish gray.
頭部寬的, 相當軟; 吻寬的, 圓的, 在它的頂端具有一個大的鈍有小瘤的鱗甲; 下巴有小的觸鬚。 鱗片相當黏著的; 小刺密集的在身體鱗片上, 長的﹐細的與後彎的﹐狹窄矛尖形, 有縱向的前面凹窪。 幽門盲囊 29 到 31, 長且細的。 色彩普通褐色的到淺灰色的; 眼窩，口腔與鰓室與鰭黑色的到灰褐色。
Benthopelagic to bathypelagic in about 400 and 1200 m depth. Minimum depth from Ref. 1371. Form large schools at 600 to 900 m depth (Ref. 9988). Feed on a variety of fish and invertebrates, but primarily on pelagic crustaceans such as shrimps, amphipods and cumaceans; cephalopods and lantern fishes constitute a lesser portion of the diet. Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). This species is currently facing overexploitation in the North Atlantic. Utilized frozen and for fishmeal; can be fried and baked (Ref. 9988).
在大約 400 與 1200 公尺深中的底棲大洋性到底棲大洋性。 最小深度從參考文獻 1371. 在 600 到 900 公尺深形成大群魚群。 (參考文獻 9988) 捕食多種魚與無脊椎動物, 但是主要地在大洋性的甲殼動物例如蝦，片腳類動物與 cumaceans 上; 頭足類動物與燈籠魚構成食性的較少的部分。 分批產卵者.(參考文獻 51846) 這種現在正在北大西洋中面對過漁。 冷凍使用.與用於魚粉; 能被油炸而且燒烤。 (參考文獻 9988)
北大西洋: 在大西洋西部 , 與外海的冰島與挪威的從大約 37個 ° N 到 Baffin 島與格陵蘭在東大西洋中南至北非。 報告出現海洋在巴哈馬的 Andros 島 (大約 24 ° N,77 ° W) 以東的從舌。
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
極危 (CR) (A4bd); Date assessed: 11 July 2012
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.7 - 9.4, mean 4.5 °C (based on 270 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00219 (0.00111 - 0.00431), b=3.20 (3.03 - 3.37), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.56 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.1; tm=9-11; tmax=54; Fec=10,000).
Prior r = 0.27, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.40, Based on 4 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 17.4 [5.5, 40.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.296 [0.130, 0.842] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [15.4, 19.0] %; Omega3 = 0.104 [0.041, 0.263] g/100g; Selenium = 26.9 [9.0, 74.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 21.2 [2.7, 168.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.429 [0.232, 0.866] mg/100g (wet weight);
