Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina revassocierade; djupintervall 9 - 171 m (Ref. 89891). Subtropical; 37°N - 26°N, 98°W - 74°W
Western Atlantic: North Carolina to Palm Beach in Florida and northern Gulf of Mexico in the USA.
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 7251)
Prefers hard bottom, rocks, jetties and ledges.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.3 - 24.8, mean 23.2 °C (based on 57 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00830 - 0.02518), b=3.06 (2.91 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.79 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 28.1 [14.6, 72.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.555 [0.278, 0.985] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.3, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.272 [0.158, 0.458] g/100g; Selenium = 17.6 [8.5, 34.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 66.7 [21.4, 238.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.767 [0.493, 1.185] mg/100g (wet weight);
