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Beloniformes (Needle fishes) >
Belonidae (Needlefishes)
Etymology: Strongylura: Greek, strongylos = round + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Girard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; المياه العذبة; مياه مخلوطة; نطاق العمق 0 - 100 m (Ref. 96339). Subtropical; 33°N - 15°S, 118°W - 11°W (Ref. 56981)
Eastern Pacific: San Francisco in California, USA to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 91.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 2850); common length : 50.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9279)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 13 - 17; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 16 - 19; فقرات: 67 - 74. Caudal fin emarginate (Ref. 9279). Branchiostegal rays: 11-12 (Ref. 36575).
Common in coastal and lagoon areas with mangroves (Ref. 9279). Also found in bays and harbors (Ref. 36575). Penetrate fresh water (Ref. 9279). Adults occur in small schools. Feed mainly on small fishes (Ref. 9279). Oviparous, with neustonic larvae (Ref. 36575). Eggs are attached to vegetation and floating objects via long filaments (Ref. 36575). Usually caught with the help of artificial lights (Ref. 9279). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9279).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.7 - 28.9, mean 25.1 °C (based on 124 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00126 (0.00055 - 0.00288), b=3.10 (2.92 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 86.8 [29.5, 278.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.994 [0.485, 2.258] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.8, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.41 [0.18, 1.13] g/100g; Selenium = 26.2 [12.7, 52.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22 [7, 84] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.624 [0.422, 0.943] mg/100g (wet weight);
