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Typhlichthys subterraneus Girard, 1859

Southern cavefish
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Typhlichthys subterraneus
Picture by Niemiller, M.L.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Percopsiformes (Trout-perches, pirate perches and cavefishes) 鮭鱸目 (Trout-perches, pirate perches and cavefishes) > Amblyopsidae (Cavefishes) 洞穴魚科 (Cavefishes)
Etymology: Typhlichthys: Greek, typhlops = blind + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335);  subterraneus: subterraneus meaning beneath the earth (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Girard.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

; 淡水 居於水底的. 溫帶; 39°N - 34°N

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

North America: portions of Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana, Missouri and Arkansas, U.S.A.
北美洲: 阿拉巴馬州,喬治亞州,田納西州,肯塔基州,印地安那州,密蘇里與阿肯色州的部分, 美國

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 9.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 10294); common length : 5.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年齡: 4 年 (Ref. 10294)

簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背的軟條 (總數) : 7 - 10; 臀鰭軟條: 7 - 10; 脊椎骨: 28 - 29. Pink-white. No eyes (vestigial eye tissues under skin). Large, broad head. Caudal fin with 0-2 rows of papillae (Ref. 5723) and a vertical basal row (Ref. 10294); 10-15 branched caudal rays (Ref. 5723).
粉紅的-白色。 沒有眼 (在皮膚下面的退化眼組織). 大的, 寬的頭部。 尾鰭有 0-2 列的乳突 (參考文獻 5723) 與垂直的基部列;(參考文獻 10294) 10-15 分枝了尾部的鰭條。 (參考文獻 5723)

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Adults inhabit subterranean water (Ref. 5723). Found in caves which are near the water table and are therefore more uniform than other amblyopsid caves (Ref. 34868). Feed mainly on copepods, amphipods and isopods (Ref. 10294). Eggs are carried in gill chambers of females (Ref. 205).

棲息於地下的水。 (參考文獻 5723) 發現於了洞穴在地下水面的附近那是與是因此比其他的洞鱸科魚類洞穴更多的均勻洞鱸科魚類洞穴.(參考文獻 34868) 主要吃橈腳類的動物,片腳類動物與等足目動物。 (參考文獻 10294)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

Incubates eggs in gill chamber of females (Ref. 205). Fecundity is very low, perhaps fewer that 50 ova per female (Ref. 10294).北美洲: 阿拉巴馬州,喬治亞州,田納西州,肯塔基州,印地安那州,密蘇里與阿肯色州的部分, 美國

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  近危 (NT) ; Date assessed: 07 August 2012

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





人類使用

漁業: 沒有興趣
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
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網路資源

AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因組, 核甘 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia: , 搜尋 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | 動物學的記錄

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0088   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  3.3   ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.43; tm=2; tmax=4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).