Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; pH range: 6.5 - 7.0; dH range: 5 - 8; سمكة نهرية (Ref. 51243); نطاق العمق 5 - ? m (Ref. 27732). Tropical; 22°C - 26°C (Ref. 2059); 20°N - 3°N
Asia: Mekong and Chao Phraya basins, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java and Borneo (Ref. 27732). Reported from Salween and Maeklong basins (Ref. 26336); China (Ref. 9671); and lower Myanmar (Ref. 4832).
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 19.2, range 18 - 20.235 cm
Max length : 32.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 7050); common length : 20.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 2686)
الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 17 - 19; أشعه شرجية لينه: 8. Distinguished from the other species of the genus in having 12-18 branched dorsal rays; 6-9 rows of spots along scale rows (not always distinct), and a large round blotch on the caudal peduncle (Ref. 27732). No black midlateral stripe; sometimes with a spot above a pectoral fin (Ref. 12693).
Adults occur in all type of habitats, but usually associated with large streams with slow current and muddy to sandy substrate (Ref. 27732). They migrate from river to flooded areas during the onset of the flood season and returns to river habitats at the end of that period (Ref. 37770). Juveniles are usually seen first in August, they move back to permanent water as flooded lands dry up. Back in the rivers they are attached to brush piles, tree roots and other solid objects (Ref. 12693). Adults feed on roots of plants (Hydrilla verticillata), unicellular algae and some crustaceans. Most abundant fish in Nam Ngum reservoir where it is captured with large dip nets set on rafts. Good flesh but bony and used for lap pa or grilled (Ref. 6459). Marketed fresh or used to make prahoc (Ref. 12693).
Tan, H.H. and M. Kottelat, 2009. The fishes of Batang Hari drainage, Sumatra, with descriptions of six new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 20(1):13-69. (Ref. 81211)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: ذو قيمة تاجرية عالية; الأستزراع المائي: تجاري; حوض مائي: احواض مائية عامة
أدوات
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00762 - 0.01507), b=3.04 (2.99 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 2.6 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (K=0.32-1.15; Fec=30,000-300,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 558 [160, 1,378] mg/100g; Iron = 1.4 [0.6, 3.9] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [16.4, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.365 [0.163, 0.878] g/100g; Selenium = 42.4 [18.7, 89.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.5 [22.4, 127.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.94 [1.11, 4.18] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
