Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas associadas(os) a recifes; intervalo de profundidade 25 - 550 m (Ref. 5217). Tropical
Western Atlantic: South Carolina, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to the Guianas. Unknown from the West Indies except off western Bahamas and Cuba. Also eastern Gulf of Mexico and western Caribbean (Ref. 26938).
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 7251); common length : 30.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 5217); peso máx. Publicado: 500.00 g (Ref. 5217)
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 11 - 12; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais moles: 10 - 11. Inner rays of pelvic about equal to or shorter than outer rays (Ref. 13608).
Found on sand or mud bottoms.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para o homem
Harmless
Utilização humana
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.8 - 24.4, mean 19.1 °C (based on 154 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00501 (0.00236 - 0.01065), b=3.10 (2.93 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 36.8 [13.2, 77.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.455 [0.161, 1.022] mg/100g; Protein = 15.3 [12.8, 17.7] %; Omega3 = 0.0734 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 54.7 [21.3, 121.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 87.5 [22.9, 296.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.772 [0.446, 1.163] mg/100g (wet weight);
