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Thymallus arcticus
图片提供人 Keeley, E.R.
照片 | 谷歌图片
图片提供人 Keeley, E.R.
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Salmoniformes (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Thymallinae
Etymology: Thymallus: Greek, thymallos, -ou = a kind of fish similar to salmon (Ref. 45335); arcticus: arcticus meaning of the arctic (Ref. 1998).
More on author: Pallas.
Etymology: Thymallus: Greek, thymallos, -ou = a kind of fish similar to salmon (Ref. 45335); arcticus: arcticus meaning of the arctic (Ref. 1998).
More on author: Pallas.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
North America: widespread in Arctic drainages from Hudson Bay, Canada to Alaska and in Arctic and Pacific drainages to central Alberta and British Columbia in Canada; upper Missouri River drainage in Montana, USA. Formerly in Great Lakes basin in Michigan, USA (Ref. 5723). Arctic Ocean basin in Siberia from Ob to Yenisei drainages and in Europe in some tributaries of Pechora (Usa, Kosyu, Kozhim), Korotaikha and Kara (Ref. 59043).
北美洲: 在來自哈得遜灣的北極圈流域與在北極圈與太平洋的流域到中央的亞伯達與加拿大的英屬哥倫比亞廣泛分佈在加拿大到阿拉斯加州; 在美國的蒙大納的密蘇里河流域上游。 從前在密西根州的五大湖流域。 亞洲: 西伯利亞，俄國.(參考文獻 3221)
北美洲: 在來自哈得遜灣的北極圈流域與在北極圈與太平洋的流域到中央的亞伯達與加拿大的英屬哥倫比亞廣泛分佈在加拿大到阿拉斯加州; 在美國的蒙大納的密蘇里河流域上游。 從前在密西根州的五大湖流域。 亞洲: 西伯利亞，俄國.(參考文獻 3221)
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 24.5, range 23 - 26 cm
Max length : 76.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 34.3 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大体重: 3.8 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 18 年 (Ref. 33969)
Max length : 76.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 34.3 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大体重: 3.8 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 18 年 (Ref. 33969)
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 17 - 25; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 11 - 15; 脊椎骨: 58 - 62. Distinguished by its greatly enlarged dorsal fin and its small mouth, which has fine teeth on both jaws (Ref. 27547). Dorsal greatly enlarged in adults (especially males), reaching adipose fin when depressed, but is shorter in females; pelvic fins rather long, reach anal fin in adult males, but not in females; lower lobe of caudal often longer than upper (Ref. 27547). A strikingly colored fish, the dorsal surface is dark purple, or blue black to blue gray, the sides gray to dark blue with pinkish iridescence, the ventral surface gray to white (Ref. 1998). Scattered dark spots on sides, these being more numerous on the young; a dark longitudinal stripe along lower sides between pectoral and pelvic fins; dorsal fin dark with narrow purple edge (rows of reddish to orange or purple to green spots on body of fin); pelvic fins dark with irregular diagonal orange-yellow stripes; adipose, dorsal, anal, caudal and pectorals dusky to dark (Ref. 27547).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
区别的特徵为它的明显增大背鳍与它的小嘴, 在双颚上有细齿.(参考文献 27547) 背部的明显增大当成鱼时 (尤其雄性), 达到脂鳍当扁平的, 但是在雌性中比较短; 腹鳍相当长的, 在雄性成鱼中达到臀鳍, 但是不在雌性中; 尾鳍下叶时常比上颌长.(参考文献 27547) 一显着地彩鱼，背部表面的颜色较深紫色, 或蓝色的黑色到蓝灰色的, 深蓝色的侧边灰色用略带桃色的彩虹色，腹面灰色到白色.(参考文献 1998) 在侧边上的分散的深色斑点, 这些是众多的幼鱼之上; 一条深色的纵向斑纹沿着在胸鳍与腹鳍之间的下侧; 背鳍深色且有狭窄的紫色边缘;(列的淡红到橘色或紫色的到绿色的斑点在鳍的身体上) 腹鳍深色且有不规则的斜线橘黄色的斑纹; 脂肪，背鳍、臀鳍、尾鳍与胸鳍暗色的到深.(参考文献 27547)
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
区别的特徵为它的明显增大背鳍与它的小嘴, 在双颚上有细齿.(参考文献 27547) 背部的明显增大当成鱼时 (尤其雄性), 达到脂鳍当扁平的, 但是在雌性中比较短; 腹鳍相当长的, 在雄性成鱼中达到臀鳍, 但是不在雌性中; 尾鳍下叶时常比上颌长.(参考文献 27547) 一显着地彩鱼，背部表面的颜色较深紫色, 或蓝色的黑色到蓝灰色的, 深蓝色的侧边灰色用略带桃色的彩虹色，腹面灰色到白色.(参考文献 1998) 在侧边上的分散的深色斑点, 这些是众多的幼鱼之上; 一条深色的纵向斑纹沿着在胸鳍与腹鳍之间的下侧; 背鳍深色且有狭窄的紫色边缘;(列的淡红到橘色或紫色的到绿色的斑点在鳍的身体上) 腹鳍深色且有不规则的斜线橘黄色的斑纹; 脂肪，背鳍、臀鳍、尾鳍与胸鳍暗色的到深.(参考文献 27547)
Adults inhabit open water of clear, cold, medium to large rivers and lakes. They enter rocky creeks to spawn (Ref. 5723). They occur in piedmont and montane cold streams, rivers and lakes with high oxygen concentrations (Ref. 59043). They form schools in moderate numbers (Ref. 9988). Young feed on zooplankton with a gradual shift to immature insects; adults feed mainly on surface insects but also take in fishes, fish eggs, lemmings, and planktonic crustaceans (Ref. 1998). Spawning takes place in montane streams with heavy current on shallows with rock-gravel bottom (Ref. 59043). Utilized fresh and can be fried, broiled, boiled, and baked (Ref. 9988).
栖息于清澈又寒冷中型到大型河川与湖的开放水域, 进入岩石的小溪产卵。 (参考文献 5723) 在一般的数量中形成鱼群。 (参考文献 9988) 幼鱼捕食浮游动物具有一个对不成熟的昆虫逐渐的变化; 成鱼主要捕食水面的昆虫在鱼，鱼卵，旅鼠与浮游生物甲壳动物中但也吃.(参考文献 1998) 生鲜使用而且能被油炸, 火烤,煮沸, 而且烧烤.(参考文献 9988)
栖息于清澈又寒冷中型到大型河川与湖的开放水域, 进入岩石的小溪产卵。 (参考文献 5723) 在一般的数量中形成鱼群。 (参考文献 9988) 幼鱼捕食浮游动物具有一个对不成熟的昆虫逐渐的变化; 成鱼主要捕食水面的昆虫在鱼，鱼卵，旅鼠与浮游生物甲壳动物中但也吃.(参考文献 1998) 生鲜使用而且能被油炸, 火烤,煮沸, 而且烧烤.(参考文献 9988)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Spawning adults move into tributaries and males establish territories. At spawning, the male follows a female, courting her with displays of his dorsal fin. He then drifts over beside her and curves his extended dorsal fin over the female. The pair vibrates and release eggs and milt. No redd is constructed, but the vibrations of the tails during the spawning act stirs up the substrate and produce a slight depression (Ref. 28876, 28879, 28880, 28881, 28882). A female may spawn only once, or several times in different areas (Ref. 1998). After spawning, adults establish summer territories in pools generally farther upstream from the spawning site, majority moving downstream in mid-September (Ref. 28885, 28886).北美洲: 在來自哈得遜灣的北極圈流域與在北極圈與太平洋的流域到中央的亞伯達與加拿大的英屬哥倫比亞廣泛分佈在加拿大到阿拉斯加州; 在美國的蒙大納的密蘇里河流域上游。 從前在密西根州的五大湖流域。 亞洲: 西伯利亞，俄國.(參考文獻 3221)
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
McClanes, A.J. (ed.), 1974. Field guide to freshwater fishes of North America. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York. 212 p. (Ref. 3221)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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基于模型的估算
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00578 - 0.01143), b=3.09 (3.00 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献 69278): 3.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 7.3 (5.5 - 9.2) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 10 growth studies.
回复力 (参考文献 120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.10-0.23; tm=2-6; tmax=18; Fec=416).
营养素 (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 30.1 [7.9, 61.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.678 [0.213, 1.553] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.8, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 1.91 [0.63, 6.48] g/100g; Selenium = 59.2 [22.5, 181.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.2 [6.6, 69.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.709 [0.384, 1.339] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.