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> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Spicara: Latin, spicare = furnished with spike (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Regan.

Issue
Placement in Sparidae from Centracanthidae from Santini et al. (2014:Ref. 95347). Suggestion already made in Garrido-Ramos et al. 1995; Hanel & Sturmbauer 2000; Summerer et al. 2001; Orrell et al. 2002; Orrell & Carpenter 2004; Chiba et al. 2009; Hanel & Tsigenopoulos 2011.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser; tiefenbereich 80 - 400 m (Ref. 6640). Subtropical

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

Southeast Atlantic and Western Indian Ocean: known only from South Africa.

Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 6640)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 12; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 9 - 10; Afterflossenstacheln: 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 7 - 8.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Hauptreferenz Upload your references | Referenzen | Koordinator | Partner

Heemstra, P.C., 1986. Centracanthidae. p. 594-595. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 6640)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 November 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Harmless

Nutzung durch Menschen

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 13.7 - 17.9, mean 15.8 °C (based on 13 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00609 - 0.02604), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).

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