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Spicara australe (Regan, 1921)

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drawing shows typical species in Sparidae.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) 鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies) 鯛科 (Porgies)
Etymology: Spicara: Latin, spicare = furnished with spike (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Regan.

Issue
Placement in Sparidae from Centracanthidae from Santini et al. (2014:Ref. 95347). Suggestion already made in Garrido-Ramos et al. 1995; Hanel & Sturmbauer 2000; Summerer et al. 2001; Orrell et al. 2002; Orrell & Carpenter 2004; Chiba et al. 2009; Hanel & Tsigenopoulos 2011.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋; 深度上下限 80 - 400 m (Ref. 6640). 亞熱帶的

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Southeast Atlantic and Western Indian Ocean: known only from South Africa.
東南大西洋與西印度洋: 已知只來自南非了。

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 6640)

簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數) : 12; 背的軟條 (總數) : 9 - 10; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 7 - 8.

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)


Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

東南大西洋與西印度洋: 已知只來自南非了。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Heemstra, P.C., 1986. Centracanthidae. p. 594-595. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 6640)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 November 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





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FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 13.7 - 17.9, mean 15.8 °C (based on 13 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5039   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00609 - 0.02604), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  3.5   ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (20 of 100).