分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses) >
Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae
Etymology: Hippocampus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek,kampe = curvature (Ref. 45335); spinosissimus: Name from Latin word for winged, referring to the paired spines on the superior trunk ridges that are directed outward and have broad dermal flaps resembling wings (Ref. 42735).
More on author: Weber.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 10 - 80 m (Ref. 42735). 亚热带的; 22°C - 27°C (Ref. 130605); 27°N - 36°S, 76°E - 155°E
Indo-Pacific: India and Sri Lanka to Australia; north to China.
印度-太平洋: 斯里兰卡到台湾与澳洲。 这种已经时常被误鉴成 海马 histrix 。 (参考文献 30915) 国际间的买卖被监视过一个授权系统 ( CITES2, 自从 5.15.04 以后) ，而且一个 10 公分的最小大小应用。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 10.4 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm OT 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 48635); 13.6 cm OT (female)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 16 - 20.
描述: (以 53件标本为依据): 成鱼的高度: 5.3-16.0 公分。 环: 11+36.(33-39) 吻的长度: 2.2-2.3(2.0-2.4) 分之一头长。 背鳍鳍条: 17-18(16-20)个覆盖 2+1个环。 胸鳍鳍条: 17.(16-19) 冠: 低中等的有四个或五根锐利的棘。 棘: 发展良好的, 钝的顶端或者相当锐利地, 通常更长的在第一个上, 第四的, 第七的与第十一个躯干环而且在尾部上具有一个一般的数列较长的棘。 其他的显着特性: 单一或两根颊棘; 雄性有毗邻小袋的非常发育明显的棘;(顶端钝的) 没有鼻子棘;(或非常小的) 在冠之前的棘不过度地发展。
彩色斑纹: 可变的; 单色的, 或灰白的在尾部上有较深色的横过背外侧的表面与较深色的交叉的条纹的 '鞍状斑'。
Found in the continental shelf, on muddy, sandy bottoms, rubbles and in coral reefs (Ref. 75154); in a sponge or seagrass habitat, often attached to hard and soft coral species (Ref. 128284). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205). Maximum length is based on a straight-line length measurement from upper surface (ignoring spines) of first trunk ring, to tip of tail; female 13.8 cm (Ref. 42735). Less desirable for traditional Chinese medicine, but use may increase with the rise in patent medicines. Taken in trawls (Ref. 42735).
发现于大陆棚了, 在泥质或砂质底部上与在珊瑚礁中。 卵胎生的.(参考文献 205) 雄鱼带卵在一个孵卵袋是在尾部下面发现.(参考文献 205) 长度类型参考依据为高度 (= TL- 头长). 对于传统的中药材是比较不令人满意, 但是使用可能增加随着成药的增加。
Male carries the eggs in a brood pouch (Ref. 205).印度-太平洋: 斯里兰卡到台湾与澳洲。 这种已经时常被误鉴成 海马 histrix 。 (参考文献 30915) 国际间的买卖被监视过一个授权系统 ( CITES2, 自从 5.15.04 以后) ，而且一个 10 公分的最小大小应用。
Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster, 2016. A global revision of the seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref. 115213)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.3 - 29.2, mean 28.3 °C (based on 992 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00177 - 0.01127), b=3.00 (2.78 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (tm=0.5-1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 66.6 [31.9, 177.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.848 [0.431, 1.529] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.6, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.209 [0.109, 0.393] g/100g; Selenium = 18.3 [7.4, 43.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 39.7 [10.8, 147.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.27 [0.77, 1.98] mg/100g (wet weight);
