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> Gadiformes (Cods) > Macrouridae (Grenadiers or rattails)
Etymology: Hymenocephalus: Named for its transparent membrane-like head covering (‘‘hymen head’’) and fragile nature of head bones (Ref. 100825).
More on authors: Marshall & Iwamoto.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser bathypelagisch; tiefenbereich 400 - 900 m (Ref. 37108). Deep-water

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

Western Central Atlantic: Straits of Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and off Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 39.5 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 115012); max. veröff. Gewicht: 270.90 g (Ref. 115012)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 10 - 13. This species is distinguished by the following characters: pelvic fin rays 12-14 (usually 13-14); pectoral fin rays 14-17; projecting snout, 20-25% HL; short barbel, 4-5% HL, does not reach vertical through anterior margin of orbit; moderate orbit diameter, 28-35% HL; infraorbital width 12-15% HL; moderately long preopercular supporter, with angle at rear margin, 5-6% HL; 23-28 gill rakers; ventral striae reaching to ½ to ? distance from pelvic fin bases to periproct; otolith has moderately high predorsal lobe, with colliculi separated, closely placed across collum, terminating at some distance from anterior and posterior rims of otolith; otolith length to height (OL:OH), 1.05; total colliculum length to pseudocolliculum length (TCL:PCL), 2.6-2.8 (Ref. 98298).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

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Cohen, D.M., A.W. Ebeling, T. Iwamoto, S.B. McDowell, N.B. Marshall, D.E. Rosen, P. Sonoda, W.H. Weed III and L.P. Woods, 1973. Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Part six. New Haven, Sears Found. Mar. Res., Yale Univ. (Ref. 37108)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 October 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Harmless

Nutzung durch Menschen

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Mehr Information

Trophic ecology
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Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Räuber

Ecology
Ökologie

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Längenhäufigkeiten
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Abundances

Life cycle
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Egg(s)
Egg developments
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Distribution
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Anatomy
Gill areas
Gehirngröße
Otoliths

Physiology
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Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Fisch Laute
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
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Aquakultur Profile
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Stamps, coins, misc.

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 7.1 - 13.9, mean 9.5 °C (based on 83 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00145 (0.00087 - 0.00240), b=3.20 (3.05 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (Assuming tmax>3).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).

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Hymenocephalus billsam Marshall & Iwamoto, 1973