分類 / Names
共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Issue
All subspecies of Plecoglossus altivelis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) are synonymised under the species in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Jul. 2010: Ref. 84883). Please send references, or more studies are needed.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態学
海; 新鮮な水; 汽水性の 底生の; 両側回遊性 (Ref. 51243); 深さの範囲 10 - ? m. Subtropical; 44°N - 23°N
Northwest Pacific: western Hokkaido in Japan southward to the Korean Peninsula, Taiwan and China.
Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
Maturity: Lm 27.5, range 30 - 40 cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 12218); common length : 15.0 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 35840); 最大記録サイズ: 3.00 年 (Ref. 12218)
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 0; 背鰭 (合計) : 10 - 11; 臀鰭: 14 - 15; 脊つい: 60 - 63. Pyloric caeca 350-400.
Typical amphidromous fish; appears in near shore from late autumn to spring (Ref. 11230). Found in lakes and rivers, preferring clean river water and can be found the entire river long, from the head to the mouth (Ref. 12218). Ascends the river during March when the temperature is around 10°C (Ref. 12218). Adults spawn in the spring, in the lower reaches of rivers. After spawning, some adults die while others return to the sea. Larvae enter the sea immediately after hatching and remain there during winter, feeding on plankton. In springtime, the young (5-7 cm TL) move upstream to the middle reaches of rivers to feed on algae. Fish (about 6-9 cm) start schooling at the river mouth and are insectivores and eat algae
off small pebbles (Ref. 12218); this is assisted by small leaf-like teeth which are loosely attached to the jaw with two ligaments (Ref. 45181). Those that are ready to spawn (about 20 cm TL) move downstream to the lower reaches of the river. Spawning adults from the sea migrate upstream to the lower reaches as well. Some fish spawn two or three years in succession, others only once (Ref. 9987 & 559). River forms live usually only one year whereas lake forms can live two or three years (Ref. 12218). Reaches maturity at 30-40 cm (Ref. 12218). Highly esteemed food fish. Marketed fresh and consumed fresh, fried and broiled (Ref. 9987).
During spawning some fish go up the river and some fish spawn on the river shoreline above pebbles. Spawns at night and excavates a 10cm (diameter or depth?) pit. Eggs are around 1 mm in size and adhere to the sand or pebbles for 14 to 20 days before hatching. This fish is semelparous and releases eggs many times over a short period each time releasing ~10,000 eggs. Sometimes females that want to spawn but cannot, save their strength, and go to a deep stagnant pool. These females wait until spring before going up the river with young fish. After hatching, the larvae are 6 mm and flow with the water current eating plankton. Juvenile fish will come again to the river in spring. These live in schools. When schools of Plecoglossus altivelis return to their river they guard their territory and eat food (Ref. 12218).
Reproductive mode varies between semelparity and iteroparity. Large females spawn once, while smaller females spawn twice during a two-week interval (Ref. 76896).
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
Human uses
水産業: 高い商業の; 水産養殖: 商業; ゲームフィッシュ: はい
用具
特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13 - 22.6, mean 19.7 °C (based on 42 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00427 (0.00165 - 0.01101), b=3.07 (2.84 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.16 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高い, １５か月以下の倍増期間の最小個体群 (tm=1; tmax=3; Fec=50,000-100,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 78 [36, 203] mg/100g; Iron = 1.19 [0.62, 2.98] mg/100g; Protein = 16.2 [13.8, 18.2] %; Omega3 = 0.445 [0.196, 1.234] g/100g; Selenium = 73.2 [35.2, 156.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.44 [1.39, 14.45] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.804 [0.513, 1.253] mg/100g (wet weight);
