Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal). Tropical
Indo-West Pacific: Sri Lanka, east coast of India, Andaman and Nicobar islands to western Malaysia (Penang) and Indonesia, east to the Philippines and the Ryukyu Islands, Japan.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 11.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 48636)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 4; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 9; Sirip dubur lunak: 9. Head and body brown or yellow, belly lighter. Back with small light spots and dark blotches. First dorsal fin black. Anal fin whitish. Pelvic fins dark and brown or black. Second dorsal, caudal, and pectoral fins spotted with dark brown. Body without lateral fold of skin below lateral line. Interorbital distance more than eye diameter (Ref 42832).
Inhabits shallow sandy and muddy bottoms in the sea, but also enters mouths of rivers and may live even in freshwater .
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: tidak ada kepentingan
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.1 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 2815 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00359 - 0.01758), b=2.80 (2.61 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).