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Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes) > Symphurinae
Etymology: Symphurus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335); caribbeanus: Named for its area of occurrence, apparently restricted within the Caribbean Sea..
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien demersaal; diepte 10 - 29 m (Ref. 26268). Tropical; 25°N - 12°N, 85°W - 60°W (Ref. 26268)
Western Atlantic: widespread in the Caribbean Sea, along coastal margins of Central and northern Sout America and off islands fringing the Caribbean; including St. Martin and Cuba.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 26268)
Occurs in shallow waters (Ref. 10879); in sand and mud substrates (Ref. 26268). Feeds on polychaetes and small, benthic crustaceans. May be a nocturnal feeder (Ref. 10879).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Munroe, T.A., 1998. Systematics and ecology of tonguefishes of the genus Symphurus (Cynoglossidae: Pleuronectiformes) from the western Atlantic Ocean. Fish. Bull. 96(1):1-182. (Ref. 26268)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 27.6 - 28, mean 27.9 °C (based on 10 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00647 - 0.03228), b=3.05 (2.85 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.38 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
