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> Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Pseudotropheus: Greek, pseudes = false + Greek, tropaion = defeat, a memorial of a fighting war, trophy; because of their specialized teeth were such an obvious feeding adaptation (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Boulenger.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

; air tawar dasar (demersal); pH range: 8.0 - 9.0; dH range: 12 - 20; kisaran kedalaman 2 - 50 m. Tropical; 22°C - 26°C (Ref. 2060); 13°S - 15°S

Penyebaran Negara-negara | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ecosystems | Kemunculan | Point map | Introduksi | Faunafri

Africa: Lake Malawi (Ref. 119458), common in the southeastern and southwestern arms of the lake (Ref. 5684).

Size / Weight / umur

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5684)

deskripsi pendek Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik

Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 17 - 19; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 9 - 10; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 8 - 9. Diagnosis: This species is distinguished from all other members in Pseudotropheus, except P. crabro, P. demasoni, and P. saulosi, by the presence of five or fewer vertical bars below the dorsal fin; most Pseudotropheus species either have no bars or have greater than five below the dorsal fin (Ref. 119458). It is distinguished from P. crabro, P. demasoni, and P. saulosi by a pale yellow to hyaline dorsal fin vs. dorsal fin heavily pigmented with black (Ref. 119458).

Lives mainly over sand where it finds refuge in the empty shells of the gastropod, Lanistes nyassanus. Also found in intermediate habitats and rarely over rocks. Usually territorial over gastropod shells. When found away from its shell, it is usually solitary or in small groups of less than 5 individuals. Feeds from sand, taking epipelic algae (Ref. 6256).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva

Females are mouthbrooders.

rujukan utama Upload your references | Acuan | Koordinator : Kullander, Sven O. | mitra

Stauffer, J.R. Jr., A.F. Konings and T.M. Ryan, 2016. Redescription of Pseudotropheus livingstonii and Pseudotropheus elegans from Lake Malawi, Africa. Zootaxa 4154(2):169-178. (Ref. 119458)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)

kurang bimbang (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 June 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

ancaman kepada manusia

Harmless

penggunaan manusia

Perikanan: ; Akuarium: Komersial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

informasi lanjut

Trophic ecology
Bahan makanan
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Pemangsa

Ecology
Ekologi

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
ukuran frekuensi
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
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Maturities
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Egg(s)
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Larva
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Distribution
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Genetics
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profil budidaya air
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Stamps, coins, misc.

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Nama-nama umum
Sinonim (persamaan)
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References
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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.00700 - 0.03275), b=2.97 (2.80 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.7 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

Daya lenting (Ref. 120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Fec<1000).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).

kategori harga (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Pseudotropheus livingstonii (Boulenger, 1899)