Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut batipelagis; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 4389 m (Ref. 43939), usually ? - 800 m (Ref. 43939). Deep-water; 64°N - 20°N, 109°E - 122°W
Pacific Ocean: widely distributed in subarctic to subtropical waters, mainly west of 143°W and north of 15°N. Most abundant in the northwest Pacific between the southern Kuril Islands and Taiwan. South China Sea and East China Sea (Ref.74511).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.3 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 43939)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 10 - 14; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 26 - 30; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 40 - 42. A row of 6 widely separated photophores near dorsal profile of body; OA irregularly arranged; dorsal origin above 4th to 5th anal ray (Ref. 559).
Mesopelagic, nonmigratory at 200-1000 m (Ref. 58302). Migrates towards surface at night (Ref. 43939). Larvae and juveniles in upper 200 m (Ref. 43939). Minimum depth from Ref. 43939.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Also Ref. 103751.
Mecklenburg, C.W., T.A. Mecklenburg and L.K. Thorsteinson, 2002. Fishes of Alaska. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland. xxxvii +1037 p. (Ref. 43939)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.3 - 15.6, mean 5.1 °C (based on 239 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00141 (0.00054 - 0.00368), b=3.07 (2.85 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).