分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies)
鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids)
麗魚科 (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Oreochromis: Latin, aurum = gold + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Boulenger.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 底中水层性; pH range: 7.5 - 8.5; dH range: 10 - 20. 熱帶; 24°C - 32°C (Ref. 2060); 1°S - 2°S
Africa: Lake Magadi in Kenya (Ref. 52331). Introduced in Lake Nakuru and Lake Elmenteita, both in Kenya (Ref. 52331). Reported as introduced to Lake Natron in Tanzania (Ref. 13364), but there is currently no evidence that any introduction led to establishment of breeding populations (Ref. 118638).
非洲: 在肯亞 (參考文獻 3881) 與湖天然碳酸鈉在坦尚尼亞的湖 Magadi 與 Nakuru(引入).(參考文獻 13364)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 3 - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2)
背棘 (总数) : 11 - 13; 背的软条 (总数) : 12 - 13; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 9 - 11; 脊椎骨: 28. Mature females with an overall golden hue; males with the flanks a pale blue. Swollen and brilliant white lateral parts of the lower lip of the mature male. Blue spots on scales becoming iridescent. Genital papilla conical, prominent and yellow in the mature male; swollen in the mature female. An oblique eye-bar intensely black in the breeding male, duller in the female.
成熟的雌性有一个整体的金色; 雄性有侧面蓝灰色。 成熟雄鱼的下面唇的肿大而色彩艳丽白色侧面部份。 在变成彩虹色的鳞片上的蓝色的斑点。 生殖乳突锥形，突出的与黄色的在成熟的雄鱼中; 肿大的在成熟的母鱼中。 一个斜的眼-横带密集黑色在繁殖期的雄鱼中, 比较迟钝的在母鱼中。
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Occur at temperatures ranging from 16.0-40.0 °C (Ref. 2). Feed actively in the evening. Young O. alcalicus grahami eat eggs as they are shed by the female, and much of the time and energy of the territorial male is occupied in driving them off. Feed on invertebrates, at the surface (Ref. 2).
生存在温度范围从 16.0-40.0 °C 。 (参考文献 2) 晚上为食活跃地。 当他们被母鱼流出的时候，幼鱼 O. alcalicus grahami 吃卵，而且许多时间与具有领域性雄鱼的能源在使他们外海方面被占领。 捕食无脊椎动物, 在水表面。 (参考文献 2)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Male prepares a breeding pit, the structure of which may vary with the nature of the substratum. Breeding activities are more actively pursued by both sexes in the morning than in the afternoon. Female lays about 3-10 eggs at a time, picks them up instantly and the male swims with his genital papilla near the mouth, probably emitting sperm. Brooding period reportedly 12-16 days. 非洲: 在肯亞 (參考文獻 3881) 與湖天然碳酸鈉在坦尚尼亞的湖 Magadi 與 Nakuru(引入).(參考文獻 13364)
Seegers, L. and H. Tichy, 1999. The Oreochromis alcalicus flock (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from lakes Natron and Magadi, Tanzania and Kenya, with descriptions of two new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 10(2):97-146. (Ref. 32272)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)
濒危 (EN) (B1ab(i,ii,iii)); Date assessed: 16 June 2022
人类利用
渔业: ; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01905 (0.00827 - 0.04391), b=3.01 (2.82 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.28 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
