Classification / Names
आम नाम | उपशब्द | Catalog of Fishes(वर्ग, प्रजाति) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री प्रवाल-भित्ति संयुक्त; गहराई सीमा ? - 100 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 36°N - 30°S, 32°E - 174°W
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and the East Africa to Palau and New Caledonia, north to Ryukyu and Ogasawara islands (Ref. 559, 26066), south to Australia. Recently reported from Tonga (Ref. 53797).
आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm FL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 3678); common length : 90.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 5450); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 18.0 kg (Ref. 3287)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 9; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 25 - 30; गुदा कांटा: 3; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 21 - 26; जानवरों की रीड़ का जोड़: 24. This species is distinguished by having the following characters: body subovate and compressed, becoming elongate-ovate and slightly subcylindrical with age; profile of head and nape slightly angular becoming more steep with age; mouth cleft of adults distinctly below level of eye; D1 VIII, D2 I,25-30, lobe of second dorsal fin shorter than head length; A II (2 detached spines) + I, 21-26 (rarely 25 or 26); gill rakers (including rudiments) 6-8 + 17-21 = 22-27; vertebrae 10 + 14; straight part of lateral line with 18-27 scales followed by 15-21 small scutes; breast naked ventrally to distinctly behind origin of pelvic fins; breast squamation variable laterally, either separated from naked base of pectoral fins by a moderate to very narrow band of scales or naked area of breast uninterrupted to naked base of pectoral fins; colour of adults iridescent blue-green above, silvery below; with numerous small gold or brassy spots mainly on dorsal half; large adult with 3 (to 5) irregular black blotches on flanks (sometimes very indistinct or absent, the first below dorsal-fin lobe, the second at inflection point of lateral line, and the third slightly anterior to midpoint of straight part of lateral line (Ref. 9894, 90102).
Adults prefer rocky and coral reef areas, but also found on offshore banks (Ref. 30573). They occur singly or in small to large schools (Ref. 9710, 48635, 90102). They feed on small invertebrates and fishes (Ref. 5213).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक; आखेट मत्स्य: हां
साधन
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.3 - 29.1, mean 27.9 °C (based on 2214 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.00973 - 0.02465), b=2.89 (2.76 - 3.02), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): निम्न, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 4.5 - 14 वर्ष। (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (80 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (89 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 17.5 [10.9, 34.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.933 [0.428, 1.823] mg/100g; Protein = 20.4 [17.8, 22.5] %; Omega3 = 0.158 [0.094, 0.266] g/100g; Selenium = 12.9 [6.3, 25.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 42.1 [7.5, 259.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.536 [0.287, 1.204] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
