分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangiformes (Jacks)
鱸形目 (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos)
鰺科 (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: More on author: Rüppell.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 60 m (Ref. 86942). 熱帶; 30°N - 37°S, 19°E - 167°W
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to Samoa (Ref. 592) and Tonga (Ref. 53797), north to Japan, south to Australia (Ref. 3197) and New Caledonia (Ref. 9070).
印度-西太平洋: 東非到美屬薩摩亞 (參考文獻 592) 與東加 (參考文獻 53797),北至日本, 南至澳洲 (參考文獻 3197) 與新加勒多尼亞.(參考文獻 9070)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 41.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 90102); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5450)
背棘 (總數) : 8 - 9; 背的軟條 (總數) : 20 - 23; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 16 - 20. This species is distinguished by the following characters: D1 VII-VIII, D2 I,20-23 (usually 22 or 23); lobe of second dorsal fin filamentous in young, becoming shorter with age, in mature adults distinctly shorter than head length (larger than 25 cm fork length, height of second dorsal-fin lobe usually shorter than head length, and slightly to distinctly shorter than anal-fin lobe); A II + I,16-20; gill rakers including rudiments 5-8 + 15-19 = 21-27; straight part of lateral line with 16-20 scutes, and 31 to 50 total elements (including anterior scales); breast naked ventrally to distinctly behind origin of pelvic fins; laterally, naked area of breast typically extends diagonally to naked base of pectoral fins (rarely, naked areas of breast and pectoral-fin base interrupted laterally by a narrow band of scales); jaws with bands of villiform teeth, the bands widest anteriorly; in life, bluish green above, silvery grey below; sides with numerous, small yellow spots and a small black blotch on upper margin of opercle; second dorsal, anal, and caudal fins dusky, the latter sometimes yellowish; pectoral fins pale yellow; pelvic fins hyaline to pale grey (Ref. 9894); often with 5 diffuse dark bars (Ref. 90102).
胸部裸露的向上到胸鰭基底。 頭部輪廓柔和地彎曲。 第一個軟背鰭與臀鰭的鰭條同樣地延長當幼魚時, 隨著成長變成長度超過背鰭的臀鰭, 而且兩者都最後變成短.(參考文獻 559) 這一個鰺科魚類藉由有一個與其他黃色有斑點種不同較深的身體。 (參考文獻 37816)
Adults are found in deep coastal reefs and rarely inshore (Ref 3197). They are usually in small groups over sand bottoms near reefs (Ref. 90102).
發現於深的岸礁了與非近海 (參考文獻 3197). 通常獨居性的.(參考文獻 48635)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
印度-西太平洋: 東非到美屬薩摩亞 (參考文獻 592) 與東加 (參考文獻 53797),北至日本, 南至澳洲 (參考文獻 3197) 與新加勒多尼亞.(參考文獻 9070)
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.4 - 28.9, mean 27.8 °C (based on 782 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02630 (0.01580 - 0.04380), b=2.91 (2.77 - 3.05), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 1.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 37.8 [17.4, 84.3] mg/100g; Iron = 1.32 [0.57, 3.03] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [17.1, 21.9] %; Omega3 = 0.139 [0.073, 0.277] g/100g; Selenium = 9.3 [4.1, 23.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65.9 [10.8, 428.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.562 [0.291, 1.246] mg/100g (wet weight);
