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Monotaxis grandoculis (Forsskål, 1775)

Humpnose big-eye bream
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This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Monotaxis grandoculis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers) > Monotaxinae
Etymology: Monotaxis: Greek, monos = one + Greek, taxis = disposition (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forsskål.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien rifbewoner; standvastig; diepte 0 - 100 m (Ref. 9710), usually 5 - 30 m (Ref. 9775). Tropical; 35°N - 30°S, 32°E - 122°W

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Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Hawaiian Islands and southeastern Oceania, north to Japan, south to Australia.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm 27.5, range 18 - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 2295); common length : 40.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 2295); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 5.9 kg (Ref. 40637)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 10; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 10; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 9. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body oblong, greatest body depth of adults about 2.2 in SL; head profile strongly convex in front of eye, the snout sloping steeply; eye large 2.7 (juveniles) to 3.8 (adults) in HL; inner surface of the pectoral fin base is densely scaled; pectoral rays usually 14; caudal fin forked with pointed tips; lateral line scales 44-47; scale rows above lateral line (to base of middle dorsal spines) 5, below (to origin of anal fin) 13.5; side of jaw with row of 5-7 molariform teeth. Color of adult silvery grey with narrow dark scale margins, lips yellowish, a large black blotch covering pectoral fin axil, quick to assume pattern of 4 broad, blackish bars on body, the pale interspaces covering 3-4 scale rows; juveniles with black bar through eye, body with 3 dark brown to blackish bars with the 2 posterior bars extending onto the dorsal fin, and each lobe of caudal fin with an orange band (Ref. 2295, 90102).

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Found in sand and rubble areas near coral reefs. Solitary fish are often encountered, but large adults usually form aggregations of up to about 50 individuals (Ref. 9710). Solitary or in groups (Ref. 90102). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Nocturnal feeders (Ref. 9710). Feed mainly on gastropods, ophiuroids, and echinoids. Pagurids and brachyuran crabs, polychaetes, tunicates, and holothurians are consumed in lesser quantities. Caught mainly with gillnets, traps, spears, and handlines (Ref. 2295). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9775). Ciguatoxic in Marshall Is. (Ref. 171). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.

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Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 March 2015

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: commercieel; sportvis: ja; Aquarium: Commercieel
FAO - visserij: aanvoer; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 24.6 - 29.1, mean 28 °C (based on 1440 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02188 (0.01670 - 0.02866), b=2.95 (2.87 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (76 of 100).
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 13.8 [7.7, 30.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.142 [0.080, 0.282] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [17.5, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.0686 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 72.3 [36.9, 142.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 56.8 [17.8, 158.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.438 [0.335, 0.630] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.