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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser riff-verbunden; tiefenbereich 90 - 242 m, usually 90 - 140 m (Ref. 55). Subtropical; 41°N - 30°S, 99°W - 32°W (Ref. 55)
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA and Bermuda to São Paulo, Brazil (Ref. 57756). Most abundant around the Antilles and the Bahamas.
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm 41.6, range 24 - 26 cm
Max length : 83.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 40637); common length : 45.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 55); max. veröff. Gewicht: 8.3 kg (Ref. 4699)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 10 - 11; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 13 - 14; Afterflossenstacheln: 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 7 - 8. Preopercular notch and knob weak. Pectoral fins long reaching level of anus. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Back and upper sides pink to red, grading to pink with a silvery sheen ventrally; sides with very fine undulating yellow lines; the fins mostly reddish or pale yellow. Young specimens (under about 25 cm) with a blackish spot on upper side below anterior dorsal soft rays.
Adults are common near the edge of the continental and island shelves; also found in deeper waters (below 200 m); usually ascending to shallow water at night. They feed mainly on fishes, shrimps, crabs, gastropods, cephalopods, tunicates and some pelagic items including urochordates. Marketed fresh. Said to be a good food fish (Ref. 5521).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Spawning occurs over most of the year in lower latitudes, but is seasonal (spring and summer) toward the northern and southern limits of the distribution.
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
Bedrohung für Menschen
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 55)
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
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Internet Quellen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.3 - 25.2, mean 21.2 °C (based on 73 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.01305 - 0.01676), b=2.97 (2.94 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (K=0.09-0.32; tm=5).
Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.19 - 0.43, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 14 [7, 23] mg/100g; Iron = 0.283 [0.165, 0.486] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.2, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.178 [0.106, 0.300] g/100g; Selenium = 43.5 [22.3, 82.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65.2 [11.3, 329.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.326 [0.234, 0.494] mg/100g (wet weight);
