分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers)
笛鯛科 (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 90 - 242 m, usually 90 - 140 m (Ref. 55). 亞熱帶的; 41°N - 30°S, 99°W - 32°W (Ref. 55)
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA and Bermuda to São Paulo, Brazil (Ref. 57756). Most abundant around the Antilles and the Bahamas.
西大西洋: 美國北卡羅萊那州與百慕達群島到聖保羅巴西.(參考文獻 57756) 最豐富的安地列斯群島與巴哈馬的周圍。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 41.6, range 24 - 26 cm
Max length : 83.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 45.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 55); 最大體重: 8.3 kg (Ref. 4699)
背棘 (總數) : 10 - 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 13 - 14; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 7 - 8. Preopercular notch and knob weak. Pectoral fins long reaching level of anus. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Back and upper sides pink to red, grading to pink with a silvery sheen ventrally; sides with very fine undulating yellow lines; the fins mostly reddish or pale yellow. Young specimens (under about 25 cm) with a blackish spot on upper side below anterior dorsal soft rays.
前鰓蓋骨凹槽與癤瘤弱的。 胸鰭長的被達到的肛門高度。 鱗片列背面斜向上升在側線上面。 背面與上側面粉紅色到紅色又漸層色到粉紅色腹地具有一個銀色的光輝; 側邊具有非常細的波浪形的黃線; 鰭大部份淡紅或白黃色的。 幼魚 (在大約 25 公分下面) 在前面的背鰭軟條之下在上側面上具有一個黑色的斑點。
Adults are common near the edge of the continental and island shelves; also found in deeper waters (below 200 m); usually ascending to shallow water at night. They feed mainly on fishes, shrimps, crabs, gastropods, cephalopods, tunicates and some pelagic items including urochordates. Marketed fresh. Said to be a good food fish (Ref. 5521).
這種在大陸架與島嶼架的邊緣的附近是普遍; 也發現於較深的水域;(在 200 公尺之下) 通常上溯到淺水區在晚上。 主要吃魚，蝦，螃蟹，腹足動物，頭足類動物，被囊類與一些大洋性項目包括海鞘類。 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。 據說是一個好食用魚.(參考文獻 5521)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Spawning occurs over most of the year in lower latitudes, but is seasonal (spring and summer) toward the northern and southern limits of the distribution. 西大西洋: 美國北卡羅萊那州與百慕達群島到聖保羅巴西.(參考文獻 57756) 最豐富的安地列斯群島與巴哈馬的周圍。
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.3 - 25.2, mean 21.2 °C (based on 73 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.01305 - 0.01676), b=2.97 (2.94 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.09-0.32; tm=5).
Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.19 - 0.43, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 14 [7, 23] mg/100g; Iron = 0.283 [0.165, 0.486] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.2, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.178 [0.106, 0.300] g/100g; Selenium = 43.5 [22.3, 82.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65.2 [11.3, 329.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.326 [0.234, 0.494] mg/100g (wet weight);
