Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской демерсальный; немигрирующий; пределы глубины 80 - 523 m (Ref. 58018). Subtropical; 28°N - 1°N, 113°W - 78°W (Ref. 58452)
Eastern Pacific: off the west coast of the Americas from Del Mar, California to Ensenada de Tumaco, Colombia. Vrooman and Paloma's (1970) dwarf hake off the coast of Baja California has recently been described as a different species, Merluccius hernandezi Mathews, 1985.
Length at first maturity / Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm 22.0, range 18 - 27 cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 1371); common length : 32.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 1371)
колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 1; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 45 - 52. Head rather long, about 30% of SL. Gill rakers long and slender, with pointed tips. Pectoral fins long, the tips reaching to or beyond the origin of the anal fin. Overall color silvery, lighter ventrally.
Occurs from shallow continental shelf to the upper continental slope, and in the mid-waters of the open sea and on sea-mounts (Uncle Sam Bank). Exploited only on a local level due to its abundance and its relatively small median size (Ref. 9119). Minimum length of first sexual maturity for both sexes is 18-19 cm, and spawning occurs from April to June, or later (Ref. 58452).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | размножение | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | личинки
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: не имеет хозяйственного значения
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.1 - 13.7, mean 12.6 °C (based on 24 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00243 - 0.00821), b=3.09 (2.93 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 3.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (K=0.34-0.35; tm=3; tmax=7).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 44.7 [17.6, 138.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.85 [0.29, 2.18] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [17, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.171 [0.102, 0.286] g/100g; Selenium = 45.8 [20.1, 103.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.9 [5.9, 66.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.458 [0.292, 0.702] mg/100g (wet weight);
