分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods)
鱈形目 (Cods) >
Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
無鬚鱈科 (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Garman.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 80 - 523 m (Ref. 58018). 亞熱帶的; 28°N - 1°N, 113°W - 78°W (Ref. 58452)
Eastern Pacific: off the west coast of the Americas from Del Mar, California to Ensenada de Tumaco, Colombia. Vrooman and Paloma's (1970) dwarf hake off the coast of Baja California has recently been described as a different species, Merluccius hernandezi Mathews, 1985.
東太平洋: 從 Del 三月的外海美國的西岸, Ensenada de Tumaco ，哥倫比亞的加州。 Vrooman 與 Paloma(1970) 的矮小鱈魚外海的下加利福尼亞的海岸最近已經被描述為一個不同的種， Merluccius hernandezi Mathews,1985.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 22.0, range 18 - 27 cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1371); common length : 32.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1371)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 1; 背的軟條 (總數) : 45 - 52. Head rather long, about 30% of SL. Gill rakers long and slender, with pointed tips. Pectoral fins long, the tips reaching to or beyond the origin of the anal fin. Overall color silvery, lighter ventrally.
頭部相當長又大約 30% 的 SL。 鰓耙長且細的, 有尖的頂端。 胸鰭長的, 頂端延伸到或超過臀鰭起點。 全體色彩銀色的, 腹部顏色較淡。
Occurs from shallow continental shelf to the upper continental slope, and in the mid-waters of the open sea and on sea-mounts (Uncle Sam Bank). Exploited only on a local level due to its abundance and its relatively small median size (Ref. 9119). Minimum length of first sexual maturity for both sexes is 18-19 cm, and spawning occurs from April to June, or later (Ref. 58452).
生存於水淺的大陸棚到大陸坡上層, 與在開放海域的中層水域中與在海底山脈 (Uncle Sam 淺堆) 上. 被捕獲的僅地方性的由於它的豐度與它的相當小平均大小.(參考文獻 9119)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
東太平洋: 從 Del 三月的外海美國的西岸, Ensenada de Tumaco ，哥倫比亞的加州。 Vrooman 與 Paloma(1970) 的矮小鱈魚外海的下加利福尼亞的海岸最近已經被描述為一個不同的種， Merluccius hernandezi Mathews,1985.
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.1 - 13.7, mean 12.6 °C (based on 24 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00243 - 0.00821), b=3.09 (2.93 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 3.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.34-0.35; tm=3; tmax=7).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 44.7 [17.6, 138.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.85 [0.29, 2.18] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [17, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.171 [0.102, 0.286] g/100g; Selenium = 45.8 [20.1, 103.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.9 [5.9, 66.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.458 [0.292, 0.702] mg/100g (wet weight);
