Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas demersal; não migratória; intervalo de profundidade 1 - 150 m (Ref. 34024). Subtropical; 42°N - 15°S
Eastern Atlantic: including the Mediterranean. Probably south to Ascension Island.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.8 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 6347)
Raios dorsais (total) : 37 - 39. Eel-like, moderate to shallow body depth; cardiform teeth present but restricted to upper jaw symphysis; swim bladder constricted forming two chambers; lacking enlarged dentary or premaxillary fangs, dentary diastema, pelvic fins and swim bladder rockerbone (Ref. 34024). Possesses a free, movable maxilla (Ref. 6347).
Common species (Ref. 34024). Adults typically live as commensals in the gut of shallow-water holothurians, Holothuria tubulosa and Stichopus regalis (although some deep-water records exist, see Ref. 6347). Prejuveniles (tenuis larvae) probably inhabit the same host species while the vexillifer and egg-rafts are planktonic. The fish may partly protrude or entirely leave its host at night to feed on small fish and benthic invertebrates. Reproduction noted in July-September. (Ref. 4741).
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas
It is not yet established whether spawning is seasonal or sporadic in carapids. Eggs elliptical and planktonic (Ref. 6355).
Nielsen, J.G., D.M. Cohen, D.F. Markle and C.R. Robins, 1999. Ophidiiform fishes of the world (Order Ophidiiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of pearlfishes, cusk-eels, brotulas and other ophidiiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(18):178p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 34024)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: sem interesse
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
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Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.8 - 27.6, mean 19.4 °C (based on 324 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00102 (0.00046 - 0.00225), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.63 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 67 [15, 198] mg/100g; Iron = 1.05 [0.40, 4.30] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [14.9, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.31 [0.13, 0.70] g/100g; Selenium = 21.2 [4.7, 60.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.9 [5.6, 51.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.785 [0.404, 1.528] mg/100g (wet weight);
