分類 / Names
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Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers)
笛鯛科 (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 9 - 150 m (Ref. 9710). 熱帶; 31°N - 30°S, 30°E - 77°E (Ref. 55)
Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea east to the Arabian Sea and south to Natal, South Africa. Records of this species from the eastern Indian Ocean and the Western Central Pacific are probably misidentifications of Lutjanus malabaricus (Ref. 55). Has been misidentified as Lutjanus coccineus by recent authors.
西印度洋: 紅海東至阿拉伯海而且南至南非的納塔爾。 這一個種從東印度洋與中西太平洋的記錄是可能是 Lutjanus malabaricus 的誤鑑.(參考文獻 55) 被誤鑑如最近作家的 Lutjanus coccineus 。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 51.1, range 50 - 60 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5450); 最大體重: 23.0 kg (Ref. 469); 最大年齡: 13 年 (Ref. 1488)
背棘 (總數) : 10; 背的軟條 (總數) : 13 - 14; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 9. Dorsal profile of head angular, snout steeply sloped. Preorbital bone broad, with horizontal grooves behind and below the eye. Anterior and posterior nostrils widely spaced. Preopercular notch and knob poorly developed. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Juveniles with a broad brown bar from upper jaw to beginning of dorsal fin and a series of reddish horizontal lines on sides.
頭部的背面輪廓有角的, 吻非常陡峭。 眶前骨寬的, 在眼後面與下面有水平的凹槽。 前面與後面的鼻孔分開很遠。 前鰓蓋骨凹槽與癤瘤發展不良的。 鱗片列背面斜向上升在側線上面。 在側邊上稚魚有一條寬的褐色從上頜到背鰭起點的橫帶與一系列的淡紅水平線。
Adults inhabit coral and rocky reefs to depths of at least 100 m (Ref. 30573). Off South Africa they display a preference for slightly silty, turbid regions in the vicinity of sometimes shallow, offshore banks. Captured mainly at night on coral banks off Mafia Island (Tanzania) in 9 to 12 m and off Zanzibar in about 75 m. They are active at night feeding over sandy or rubble bottoms (Ref. 9710). Maximum depth reported taken from Ref. 9773.
棲息於珊瑚礁與岩礁到深度至少 100 公尺。 (參考文獻 30573) 它顯示一個對些微淤泥又混濁的區域的偏愛的南非外海在鄰近有時水淺的, 近海淺堆。 在大約 75 公尺中在珊瑚淺堆上主要地捕獲在晚上在 9 到 12 公尺與外海的桑吉巴的外海黑手黨島 (坦尚尼亞) 。 活躍的在晚上當它在沙或碎石的底部上覓食的時候.(參考文獻 9710)
西印度洋: 紅海東至阿拉伯海而且南至南非的納塔爾。 這一個種從東印度洋與中西太平洋的記錄是可能是 Lutjanus malabaricus 的誤鑑.(參考文獻 55) 被誤鑑如最近作家的 Lutjanus coccineus 。
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 29.2, mean 26.8 °C (based on 328 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00822 - 0.02541), b=2.96 (2.82 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.24; tm=2.5-6; tmax=13).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 20.1 [12.1, 30.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.298 [0.190, 0.484] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.1, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.126 [0.086, 0.186] g/100g; Selenium = 74.5 [44.1, 119.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 173 [33, 695] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.311 [0.241, 0.432] mg/100g (wet weight);
