分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Labridae (Wrasses)
隆頭魚科 (Wrasses)
Etymology: Symphodus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Risso.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 30 m (Ref. 4742). 亞熱帶的; 48°N - 30°N, 10°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: Gulf of Gascogne to Gibraltar including the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
東大西洋: 到直布羅陀包括地中海與黑海的 Gascogne 的灣。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 6.0, range 5 - 7 cm
Max length : 17.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4742); common length : 12.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4742); 最大年齡: 8 年 (Ref. 4742)
Adults are found near rocks, mainly in eel-grass beds (Ref. 4742). Mainly solitary (Ref. 4742). Nest of seaweed built by male (Ref. 4742). Feed on mollusks, bivalves, gastropods, shrimps, sea-urchins and hydroids (Ref. 4742). Males grow faster than females (Ref. 4742). Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
發現於靠近岩石了, 主要在鰻草床.(參考文獻 4742) 主要獨居性.(參考文獻 4742) 被雄魚建造的海草的巢.(參考文獻 4742) 吃軟體動物，二枚貝，腹足動物，蝦，海膽與水息蟲。 (參考文獻 4742)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Each male builds a nest of seaweed for one or two females to spawn in (Ref. 4742).東大西洋: 到直布羅陀包括地中海與黑海的 Gascogne 的灣。
Quignard, J.-P. and A. Pras, 1986. Labridae. p. 919-942. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4742)
人類使用
漁業: 自給性漁業; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.2 - 21, mean 18.7 °C (based on 584 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00612 - 0.01792), b=3.02 (2.87 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.44 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.20-0.62; tm=1; tmax=8).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 45.7 [19.7, 108.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.634 [0.334, 1.285] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [16.5, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.25 [0.14, 0.45] g/100g; Selenium = 10.2 [4.5, 20.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 95.9 [24.4, 445.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.31 [0.80, 2.35] mg/100g (wet weight);
