Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά); Γλυκού νερού; Υφάλμυρο; αμφίδρομο; εύρος βάθους 0 - ? m. Tropical; 24°S - 22°S
Eastern Indian Ocean to Western Pacific: Carnarvon, Western Australia to Lindeman Island.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.0 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 2847); common length : 15.0 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 2847)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 0; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 13 - 16; Εδρικές άκανθες: 0; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 14 - 17; Σπόνδυλοι: 45 - 48. Lower jaw proportionately much shorter at larger sizes. Anal rays usually 15; vertebrae 45-48, usually 46 or 47; gill rakers on the first arch, 21-25, usually 23 or 24.
A coastal species that extends into fresh water. Occurs in brackish estuaries, but frequently found in the lower, tidal portions of freshwater streams (Ref. 2847). Considered an excellent food fish taken by commercial and recreational fishers (Ref. 9843).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Collette, B.B., 2004. Family Hemiramphidae Gill 1859. Halfbeaks. Calif. Acad. Sci. Annotated Checklists of Fishes (22):35. (Ref. 51649)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); αλιεία αναψυχής: ναί
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.7 - 28.8, mean 27.9 °C (based on 316 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00324 (0.00148 - 0.00710), b=3.08 (2.90 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).